مخراق

Arabic

Root
خ ر ق (ḵ-r-q)

Etymology

Tool noun of خِرْقَة (ḵirqa, “rag”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mix.raːq/

Noun

مِخْرَاق • (miḵrāq) m (plural مَخَارِيق (maḵārīq))

1. a twisted kerchief used to beat also in children’s games (equivalent to Germany’s Plumpsack)
   • c. 910, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Faqīh al-Hamaḏānī, Kitāb al-Buldān‎^[1]:

     وَمِنْ عَجَائِبِ مِصْرَ : حَشِيشَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا ٱلدِّيسُ ، يُتَّخَذُ مِنْهَا حِبَالٌ لِلسُّفُنِ ، تُسَمَّى تِلْكَ ٱلْحِبَالُ ٱلْقِرْقِسُ، يُؤْخَذُ مِنَ ٱلْقِرْقِسِ قِطْعَةٌ فَيُشْعَلُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ كَٱلشَّمْعِ ، ثُمَّ يُطْفِئُ فَيَمْكُثُ سَائِرَ ٱللَّيْلِ ، فَإِذَا ٱحْتَاجُوا إِلَيْهِ أَخَذُوا طَرَفَهُ فَأَدَارُوهُ كَٱلْمِخْرَاقِ.

     wamin ʕajāʔibi miṣra : ḥašīšatun yuqālu lahā d-dīsu , yuttaḵaḏu minhā ḥibālun li-s-sufuni , tusammā tilka l-ḥibālu l-qirqisu, yuʔḵaḏu mina l-qirqisi qiṭʕatun fayušʕalu bayna ʔaydīhim kaš-šamʕi , ṯumma yuṭfiʔu fayamkuṯu sāʔira l-layli , faʔiḏā ḥtājū ʔilayhi ʔaḵaḏū ṭarafahu faʔadārūhu kal-miḵrāqi.

     Of the wonders of Egypt, there is a grass called diss, and one makes from it ropes for ships, these ropes are called qirqis, one takes from the qirqis a piece and torches it like a candle between the hands, then one extinguishes and it bides the whole night; if you need to put it to use then you take its tip and twist it like a kerchief to burn.

Declension

Declension of noun مِخْرَاق (miḵrāq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مِخْرَاق miḵrāq	الْمِخْرَاق al-miḵrāq	مِخْرَاق miḵrāq
Nominative	مِخْرَاقٌ miḵrāqun	الْمِخْرَاقُ al-miḵrāqu	مِخْرَاقُ miḵrāqu
Accusative	مِخْرَاقًا miḵrāqan	الْمِخْرَاقَ al-miḵrāqa	مِخْرَاقَ miḵrāqa
Genitive	مِخْرَاقٍ miḵrāqin	الْمِخْرَاقِ al-miḵrāqi	مِخْرَاقِ miḵrāqi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مِخْرَاقَيْن miḵrāqayn	الْمِخْرَاقَيْن al-miḵrāqayn	مِخْرَاقَيْ miḵrāqay
Nominative	مِخْرَاقَانِ miḵrāqāni	الْمِخْرَاقَانِ al-miḵrāqāni	مِخْرَاقَا miḵrāqā
Accusative	مِخْرَاقَيْنِ miḵrāqayni	الْمِخْرَاقَيْنِ al-miḵrāqayni	مِخْرَاقَيْ miḵrāqay
Genitive	مِخْرَاقَيْنِ miḵrāqayni	الْمِخْرَاقَيْنِ al-miḵrāqayni	مِخْرَاقَيْ miḵrāqay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَخَارِيق maḵārīq	الْمَخَارِيق al-maḵārīq	مَخَارِيق maḵārīq
Nominative	مَخَارِيقُ maḵārīqu	الْمَخَارِيقُ al-maḵārīqu	مَخَارِيقُ maḵārīqu
Accusative	مَخَارِيقَ maḵārīqa	الْمَخَارِيقَ al-maḵārīqa	مَخَارِيقَ maḵārīqa
Genitive	مَخَارِيقَ maḵārīqa	الْمَخَارِيقِ al-maḵārīqi	مَخَارِيقِ maḵārīqi

Descendants

• → Persian: مخراق
• → Ottoman Turkish: مخراق

References

• Nöldeke, Theodor (1899) Fünf Moʿallaqāt. I (Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien – Philosophisch-historische Classe; 140)‎^[2] (in German), Wien: In Commission bei Carl Gerold's Sohn, page 39
• Wiedemann, Eilhard (1906) Beiträge zur Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften. VI. Zur Mechanik und Technik bei den Arabern (Sitzungsberichte der Physikalisch-medizinischen Sozietät; 38)‎^[3] (in German), Erlangen: Junge & Sohn, published 1907, page 54