ܓܘܕܐ

See also: ܓܘܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic גּוּדָא (guddā).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡuddaː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ɡuːdaː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒuːda]

Noun

ܓܘܼܕܵܐ • (guddā) m sg (plural ܓܘܼܕܵܢܹ̈ܐ (guddānē))

1. (architecture) wall

   Synonym: ܫܘܼܪܵܐ (šūrā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܘܼܕܵܐ (guddā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܘܼܕܝܼ (guddī)		ܓܘܼܕܲܢ (guddan)
	construct	ܓܘܼܕ (gud)	2nd person	ܓܘܼܕܘܼܟ݂ (guddūḵ)	ܓܘܼܕܵܟ݂ܝ (guddāḵ)	ܓܘܼܕܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (guddāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܘܼܕܵܐ (guddā)	3rd person	ܓܘܼܕܹܗ (guddēh)	ܓܘܼܕܵܗ̇ (guddāh)	ܓܘܼܕܗܘܿܢ (guddhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܝܼ̈ (guddānī)		ܓܘܼܕܵܢܲܢ̈ (guddānan)
	construct	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܲܝ̈ (guddānay)	2nd person	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (guddānūḵ)	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (guddānāḵ)	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (guddānāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܹ̈ܐ (guddānē)	3rd person	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (guddānūh)	ܓܘܼܕܵܢ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (guddānōh)	ܓܘܼܕܵܢܗ̈ܘܿܢ (guddānhōn)

Etymology 2

Related to ܓܲܘܕܵܐ (gawdā, “leather bottle”). Compare Akkadian 𒋢𒄖𒁺 (gūdu) and Georgian გუდა (guda), Aramaic loanwords.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡuːðaː]

Noun

ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܐ • (gūḏā) m sg (plural ܓܘܼܕ݂ܹ̈ܐ (gūḏē))

1. churn, a type of vessel used to create butter

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܐ (gūḏā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܝܼ (gūḏī)		ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܢ (gūḏan)
	construct	ܓܘܼܕ݂ (gūḏ)	2nd person	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (gūḏūḵ)	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (gūḏāḵ)	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūḏāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܐ (gūḏā)	3rd person	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܹܗ (gūḏēh)	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܗ̇ (gūḏāh)	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܗܘܿܢ (guḏhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܝܼ̈ (gūḏī)		ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܢ̈ (gūḏan)
	construct	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܲܝ̈ (gūḏay)	2nd person	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (gūḏūḵ)	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (gūḏāḵ)	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gūḏāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܹ̈ܐ (gūḏē)	3rd person	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (gūḏūh)	ܓܘܼܕ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (gūḏōh)	ܓܘܼܕ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (guḏhōn)

Derived terms

• ܓܘܼܕ݂ܵܢܬܵܐ (gūḏāntā, “small churn”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian gwnd (gund, “army, troop”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡuddɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ɡudde] (plural)

Noun

ܓܘܕܐ • (guddā) f (plural ܓܘܕܐ (guddē))

1. (military) company, rank, troop, band
2. choir, chorus

Usage notes

While the word is normally considered feminine, it also rarely occurs as masculine.

Inflection

    inflection of ܓܘܕܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܕ	ܓܘܕܝܢ
construct	ܓܘܕ	ܓܘܕܝ
emphatic	ܓܘܕܐ	ܓܘܕܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܘܕܝ	ܓܘܕܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܘܕܟ	ܓܘܕܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܝ	ܓܘܕܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܘܕܗ	ܓܘܕܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܘܕܗ	ܓܘܕܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܘܕܢ	ܓܘܕܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܘܢ	ܓܘܕܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܝܢ	ܓܘܕܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܘܕܗܘܢ	ܓܘܕܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܘܕܗܝܢ	ܓܘܕܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡuddɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ɡuddɑne] (plural)

Noun

ܓܘܕܐ • (guddā) m (plural ܓܘܕܢܐ (guddānē))

1. (architecture) wall
2. rampart
3. hedge, mound
4. stone pulpit in church's nave

Inflection

    declension of ܓܘܕܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܕ	ܓܘܕܢܝܢ
construct	ܓܘܕ	ܓܘܕܢܝ
emphatic	ܓܘܕܐ	ܓܘܕܢܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܘܕܝ	ܓܘܕܢܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܘܕܟ	ܓܘܕܢܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܝ	ܓܘܕܢܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܘܕܗ	ܓܘܕܢܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܘܕܗ	ܓܘܕܢܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܘܕܢ	ܓܘܕܢܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܘܢ	ܓܘܕܢܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܝܢ	ܓܘܕܢܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܘܕܗܘܢ	ܓܘܕܢܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܘܕܗܝܢ	ܓܘܕܢܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

Compare Akkadian 𒋢𒄖𒁺 (gūdu), Georgian გუდა (guda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡawdɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ɡawde] (plural)

Noun

ܓܘܕܐ • (gawdā) f (plural ܓܘܕܐ (gawdē))

1. leather bottle
2. (figuratively) small amount

Inflection

    inflection of ܓܘܕܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܕ	ܓܘܕܝܢ
construct	ܓܘܕ	ܓܘܕܝ
emphatic	ܓܘܕܐ	ܓܘܕܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܘܕܝ	ܓܘܕܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܘܕܟ	ܓܘܕܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܝ	ܓܘܕܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܘܕܗ	ܓܘܕܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܘܕܗ	ܓܘܕܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܘܕܢ	ܓܘܕܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܘܢ	ܓܘܕܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܘܕܟܝܢ	ܓܘܕܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܘܕܗܘܢ	ܓܘܕܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܘܕܗܝܢ	ܓܘܕܝܗܝܢ

Further reading

• “gwd³”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “gwd⁴”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “gwd²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 108a
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 44a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 62b–63a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 211b