कृष्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• कर्ष् (karṣ)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• কৃষ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬓᬺᬱ᭄ (Balinese script)
• কৃষ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰴𑰬𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑀾𑀱𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ကၖၑ် (Burmese script)
• કૃષ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਕ੍ਰਸ਼੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌕𑍃𑌷𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦏꦽꦰ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂍𑃂𑂭𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಕೃಷ್ (Kannada script)
• ក្ឫឞ៑ (Khmer script)
• ກ຺ຣິຩ຺ (Lao script)
• കൃഷ് (Malayalam script)
• ᡬᡵᡳᢢ (Manchu script)
• 𑘎𑘵𑘬𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠷᠢᢔ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦮𑧖𑧌𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑐺𑐲𑑂 (Newa script)
• କୃଷ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢒꢺꢰ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑆸𑆰𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖴𑖬𑖿 (Siddham script)
• කෘෂ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩜𑩙𑪀 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚊𑚶 (Takri script)
• க்ரிஷ் (Tamil script)
• కృష్ (Telugu script)
• กฺฤษฺ (Thai script)
• ཀྲྀ་ཥ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑒵𑒭𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨋𑨼𑨉𑨯𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷels- (“to pull, drag, turn”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kr̩ʂ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kr̩ʂ/

Root

कृष् • (kṛṣ)

1. to draw, pull, drag
2. to lead or conduct (as an army)
3. to bend (a bow)
4. to draw into one’s power, become master of, overpower
5. to obtain; to take away anything
6. to draw or make furrows, plough
7. to tear out
8. to travel over
9. to pull to and fro; to cause pain, torture, torment

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root कृष्‎ (0 c, 5 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• कर्षति (kárṣati, Present)
• कृषति (kṛṣáti, Present)
• क्रक्ष्यति (krakṣyáti, Future)
• कर्क्ष्यति (karkṣyáti, Future)
• क्रष्टा (kraṣṭā́, Periphrastic Future)
• कर्ष्टा (karṣṭā́, Periphrastic Future)
• अकार्क्षीत् (ákārkṣīt, Aorist)
• अक्राक्षीत् (ákrākṣīt, Aorist)
• अकृक्षत् (ákṛkṣat, Aorist)
• चकर्ष (cakárṣa, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• कृष्यते (kṛṣyáte, Passive)
• अकर्षि (ákarṣi, Passive)
• कर्षयति (karṣáyati, Causative)
• अचीकृषत् (ácīkṛṣat, Causative)
• चिकृक्षति (cikṛkṣati, Desiderative)
• चरीकृष्यते (carīkṛṣyate, Intensive)
• चरीकृषीति (carīkṛṣīti, Intensive)
• चर्कृषति (cárkṛṣati, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

• क्रष्टुम् (kráṣṭum, Infinitive)
• कृष्ट्वा (kṛṣṭvā́, Gerund)
• कृष्ट (kṛṣṭá, Past Participle)
• कर्षित (karṣitá, Past Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

• कृष (kṛṣa)
• कृषक (kṛṣaka)
• कृषाण (kṛṣāṇa)
• कृषायु (kṛṣāyu)
• कृषि (kṛṣi)
• कृषिक (kṛṣika)
• कृषी (kṛṣī)
• कृषीवल (kṛṣīvala)
• कृष्ट (kṛṣṭa)
• कृष्टि (kṛṣṭi)
• कर्ष (karṣa)
• कर्षण (karṣaṇa)
• कर्षक (karṣaka)
• कर्षणि (karṣaṇi)
• कर्षणीय (karṣaṇīya)
• कर्षित (karṣita)
• कर्षिण् (karṣiṇ)
• कर्षू (karṣū́)

Prefixed Root Forms

• आकृष् (ākṛṣ) (→ आकर्षित (ākarṣita), आकृष्ट (ākṛṣṭa))

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “कृष्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0306/1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “कृष्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 023
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “कृष्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 319-20
• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 241-3
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 639, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 639