गव्य

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গৱ্য (Assamese script)
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• 𑰐𑰪𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀯𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• ဂဝျ (Burmese script)
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• ਗਵ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
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• ꦒꦮꦾ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂫𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಗವ್ಯ (Kannada script)
• គវ្យ (Khmer script)
• ຄວ຺ຍ (Lao script)
• ഗവ്യ (Malayalam script)
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• 𑘐𑘪𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᠧᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧊𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐰𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଗଵ୍ଯ (Odia script)
• ꢔꢮ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆮𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖪𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
• ගව්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩾 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚦𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
• க³வ்ய (Tamil script)
• గవ్య (Telugu script)
• ควฺย (Thai script)
• ག་ཝྱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒫𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨭𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gawyás (“pertaining to cattle; coming from cattle”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷow-yo-s (“of or pertaining to cattle”), from *gʷṓws (“cow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬌𐬀 (gaoiia, “coming from cattle, consisting of cattle”), Ancient Greek ἐννεά-βοιος (enneá-boios, “worth nine oxen”), Old Armenian կոգի (kogi, “butter”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐʋ.jɐ́/, /ɡɐ́ʋ.jɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐʋ.jɐ/

Adjective

गव्य • (gavyá or gávya) stem

1. related to cows, of or pertaining to cows or cattle
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.60.14:

     आ नो गव्येभिर् अश्व्यैर् वसव्यैर् उप गच्छतम् ।
     सखायौ देवौ सख्याय शम्भुवेन्द्राग्नी ता हवामहे ॥

     ā no gavyebhir aśvyair vasavyair upa gacchatam.
     sakhāyau devau sakhyāya śambhuvendrāgnī tā havāmahe.

     Come unto us with riches, come with wealth in terms of horses and in terms of cows.
     Indra and Agni, we invoke you both, the Gods, as Friends for friendship, bringing bliss.

2. coming from cows (especially used to refer to milk and curds)
3. consisting of cows or cattle

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गव्य (gavyá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्यः gavyáḥ	गव्यौ / गव्या¹ gavyaú / gavyā́¹	गव्याः / गव्यासः¹ gavyā́ḥ / gavyā́saḥ¹
Vocative	गव्य gávya	गव्यौ / गव्या¹ gávyau / gávyā¹	गव्याः / गव्यासः¹ gávyāḥ / gávyāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गव्यम् gavyám	गव्यौ / गव्या¹ gavyaú / gavyā́¹	गव्यान् gavyā́n
Instrumental	गव्येन gavyéna	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्यैः / गव्येभिः¹ gavyaíḥ / gavyébhiḥ¹
Dative	गव्याय gavyā́ya	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्येभ्यः gavyébhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यात् gavyā́t	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्येभ्यः gavyébhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यस्य gavyásya	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्यानाम् gavyā́nām
Locative	गव्ये gavyé	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्येषु gavyéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of गव्या (gavyā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्या gavyā́	गव्ये gavyé	गव्याः gavyā́ḥ
Vocative	गव्ये gávye	गव्ये gávye	गव्याः gávyāḥ
Accusative	गव्याम् gavyā́m	गव्ये gavyé	गव्याः gavyā́ḥ
Instrumental	गव्यया / गव्या¹ gavyáyā / gavyā́¹	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्याभिः gavyā́bhiḥ
Dative	गव्यायै gavyā́yai	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्याभ्यः gavyā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यायाः / गव्यायै² gavyā́yāḥ / gavyā́yai²	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्याभ्यः gavyā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यायाः / गव्यायै² gavyā́yāḥ / gavyā́yai²	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्यानाम् gavyā́nām
Locative	गव्यायाम् gavyā́yām	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्यासु gavyā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of गव्य (gavyá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्यम् gavyám	गव्ये gavyé	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gavyā́ni / gavyā́¹
Vocative	गव्य gávya	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Accusative	गव्यम् gavyám	गव्ये gavyé	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gavyā́ni / gavyā́¹
Instrumental	गव्येन gavyéna	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्यैः / गव्येभिः¹ gavyaíḥ / gavyébhiḥ¹
Dative	गव्याय gavyā́ya	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्येभ्यः gavyébhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यात् gavyā́t	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्येभ्यः gavyébhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यस्य gavyásya	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्यानाम् gavyā́nām
Locative	गव्ये gavyé	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्येषु gavyéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Masculine a-stem declension of गव्य (gávya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्यः gávyaḥ	गव्यौ / गव्या¹ gávyau / gávyā¹	गव्याः / गव्यासः¹ gávyāḥ / gávyāsaḥ¹
Vocative	गव्य gávya	गव्यौ / गव्या¹ gávyau / gávyā¹	गव्याः / गव्यासः¹ gávyāḥ / gávyāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गव्यम् gávyam	गव्यौ / गव्या¹ gávyau / gávyā¹	गव्यान् gávyān
Instrumental	गव्येन gávyena	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्यैः / गव्येभिः¹ gávyaiḥ / gávyebhiḥ¹
Dative	गव्याय gávyāya	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्येभ्यः gávyebhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यात् gávyāt	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्येभ्यः gávyebhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यस्य gávyasya	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्यानाम् gávyānām
Locative	गव्ये gávye	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्येषु gávyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of गव्या (gávyā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्या gávyā	गव्ये gávye	गव्याः gávyāḥ
Vocative	गव्ये gávye	गव्ये gávye	गव्याः gávyāḥ
Accusative	गव्याम् gávyām	गव्ये gávye	गव्याः gávyāḥ
Instrumental	गव्यया / गव्या¹ gávyayā / gávyā¹	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्याभिः gávyābhiḥ
Dative	गव्यायै gávyāyai	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्याभ्यः gávyābhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यायाः / गव्यायै² gávyāyāḥ / gávyāyai²	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्याभ्यः gávyābhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यायाः / गव्यायै² gávyāyāḥ / gávyāyai²	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्यानाम् gávyānām
Locative	गव्यायाम् gávyāyām	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्यासु gávyāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of गव्य (gávya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्यम् gávyam	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Vocative	गव्य gávya	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Accusative	गव्यम् gávyam	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Instrumental	गव्येन gávyena	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्यैः / गव्येभिः¹ gávyaiḥ / gávyebhiḥ¹
Dative	गव्याय gávyāya	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्येभ्यः gávyebhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यात् gávyāt	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्येभ्यः gávyebhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यस्य gávyasya	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्यानाम् gávyānām
Locative	गव्ये gávye	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्येषु gávyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

गव्य • (gávya) stem, n

1. cattle; a herd of cows
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.140.13:

     अभी नो अग्न उक्थमिज्जुगुर्या द्यावाक्षामा सिन्धवश्च स्वगूर्ताः ।
     गव्यं यव्यं यन्तो दीर्घाहेषं वरमरुण्यो वरन्त ॥

     abhī no agna ukthamijjuguryā dyāvākṣāmā sindhavaśca svagūrtāḥ.
     gavyaṃ yavyaṃ yanto dīrghāheṣaṃ varamaruṇyo varanta.

     Welcome our laud with thine approval, Agni. May earth and heaven and freely flowing rivers
     Yield us long life and food and corn and cattle, and may the red Dawns choose for us their choicest.

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of गव्य (gávya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्यम् gávyam	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Vocative	गव्य gávya	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Accusative	गव्यम् gávyam	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Instrumental	गव्येन gávyena	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्यैः / गव्येभिः¹ gávyaiḥ / gávyebhiḥ¹
Dative	गव्याय gávyāya	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्येभ्यः gávyebhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यात् gávyāt	गव्याभ्याम् gávyābhyām	गव्येभ्यः gávyebhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यस्य gávyasya	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्यानाम् gávyānām
Locative	गव्ये gávye	गव्ययोः gávyayoḥ	गव्येषु gávyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Odia: ଗାବ (gabô, “cattle”)

Noun

गव्य • (gavyá) stem, n

1. pasture; land

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of गव्य (gavyá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गव्यम् gavyám	गव्ये gavyé	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gavyā́ni / gavyā́¹
Vocative	गव्य gávya	गव्ये gávye	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gávyāni / gávyā¹
Accusative	गव्यम् gavyám	गव्ये gavyé	गव्यानि / गव्या¹ gavyā́ni / gavyā́¹
Instrumental	गव्येन gavyéna	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्यैः / गव्येभिः¹ gavyaíḥ / gavyébhiḥ¹
Dative	गव्याय gavyā́ya	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्येभ्यः gavyébhyaḥ
Ablative	गव्यात् gavyā́t	गव्याभ्याम् gavyā́bhyām	गव्येभ्यः gavyébhyaḥ
Genitive	गव्यस्य gavyásya	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्यानाम् gavyā́nām
Locative	गव्ये gavyé	गव्ययोः gavyáyoḥ	गव्येषु gavyéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic