यातना

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit यातना (yātanā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /jɑːt̪.nɑː/, [jäːt̪̚.näː]

Noun

यातना • (yātnā) m

1. torture
2. torment, anguish
3. (mythology) the punishment inflicted in naraka, the torments of hell

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• যাতনা (Assamese script)
• ᬬᬵᬢᬦᬵ (Balinese script)
• যাতনা (Bengali script)
• 𑰧𑰯𑰝𑰡𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀦𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ယာတနာ (Burmese script)
• યાતના (Gujarati script)
• ਯਾਤਨਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌯𑌾𑌤𑌨𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦪꦴꦠꦤꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂨𑂰𑂞𑂢𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಯಾತನಾ (Kannada script)
• យាតនា (Khmer script)
• ຍາຕນາ (Lao script)
• യാതനാ (Malayalam script)
• ᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᠠᠨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘧𑘰𑘝𑘡𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᢐᠠᠨᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧇𑧑𑦽𑧁𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐫𑐵𑐟𑐣𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଯାତନା (Odia script)
• ꢫꢵꢡꢥꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆪𑆳𑆠𑆤𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖧𑖯𑖝𑖡𑖯 (Siddham script)
• යාතනා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩻𑩛𑩫𑩯𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚣𑚭𑚙𑚝𑚭 (Takri script)
• யாதநா (Tamil script)
• యాతనా (Telugu script)
• ยาตนา (Thai script)
• ཡཱ་ཏ་ནཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒨𑒰𑒞𑒢𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨪𑨊𑨙𑨝𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Noun

यातना • (yātanā) stem, f

1. torment, agony
   • 900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies‎^[1], volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:

     វិមទ*យន្តិយេភូមី*
     ទាសាន្ទេវស្យបាបី*នះ
     តេសវ្វ៌នរកេយាន្តុ
     យាតនាមាភវក្ឞយាត៑ ៕
     * Read ទ, មី and បី as ទ៌, មិ and បិ.

     vimardayanti ye bhūmi
     dāsāndevasya pāpinaḥ
     te sarvvanarake yāntu
     yātanām ā bhavakṣayāt· ॥

     May the evil ones who disturb the land and servants of the god undergo torment in every hell until the end of existence.

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of यातना (yātanā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	यातना yātanā	यातने yātane	यातनाः yātanāḥ
Vocative	यातने yātane	यातने yātane	यातनाः yātanāḥ
Accusative	यातनाम् yātanām	यातने yātane	यातनाः yātanāḥ
Instrumental	यातनया / यातना¹ yātanayā / yātanā¹	यातनाभ्याम् yātanābhyām	यातनाभिः yātanābhiḥ
Dative	यातनायै yātanāyai	यातनाभ्याम् yātanābhyām	यातनाभ्यः yātanābhyaḥ
Ablative	यातनायाः / यातनायै² yātanāyāḥ / yātanāyai²	यातनाभ्याम् yātanābhyām	यातनाभ्यः yātanābhyaḥ
Genitive	यातनायाः / यातनायै² yātanāyāḥ / yātanāyai²	यातनयोः yātanayoḥ	यातनानाम् yātanānām
Locative	यातनायाम् yātanāyām	यातनयोः yātanayoḥ	यातनासु yātanāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Hindi: यातना (yātnā)
• Marathi: यातना (yātnā)
• Pali: yātanā
  • Lao: ຍາຕະນາ (nyā ta nā)
• Thai: ยาตนา

References

• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “yātanā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.