中破
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Chinese[edit]
middle; centre; within middle; centre; within; among; in; while (doing sth); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark) |
to break; to split; broken to break; to split; broken; damaged; worn out | ||
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simp. and trad. (中破) |
中 | 破 |
Etymology[edit]
Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 中破 (chūha, “moderate damage”)
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
中破
- (rail transport) medium damage; moderate damage
- 動車組車輛報廢7輛、大破2輛、中破5輛、輕微小破15輛 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2011, “7·23”甬温线特别重大铁路交通事故调查报告
- dòngchēzǔ chēliàng bàofèi 7 liàng, dàpò 2 liàng, zhōngpò 5 liàng, qīngwēi xiǎopò 15 liàng [Pinyin]
- [caused] 7 EMU vehicles scrapped, 2 severely damaged, 5 medium damaged, and 15 were slightly damaged
动车组车辆报废7辆、大破2辆、中破5辆、轻微小破15辆 [MSC, simp.]
Usage notes[edit]
Only used in the China Railway system. The severity is pursuant to CR's Rules for Handling Railway Traffic Accidents.
Coordinate terms[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
中 | 破 |
ちゅう Grade: 1 |
は Grade: 5 |
on’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Coordinate terms[edit]
Verb[edit]
中破する • (chūha suru) ←ちゆうは (tyuufa)?suru (stem 中破し (chūha shi), past 中破した (chūha shita))
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of "中破する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 中破し | ちゅうはし | chūha shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 中破し | ちゅうはし | chūha shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 中破する | ちゅうはする | chūha suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 中破する | ちゅうはする | chūha suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 中破すれ | ちゅうはすれ | chūha sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 中破せよ¹ 中破しろ² |
ちゅうはせよ¹ ちゅうはしろ² |
chūha seyo¹ chūha shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 中破される | ちゅうはされる | chūha sareru | |
Causative | 中破させる 中破さす |
ちゅうはさせる ちゅうはさす |
chūha saseru chūha sasu | |
Potential | 中破できる | ちゅうはできる | chūha dekiru | |
Volitional | 中破しよう | ちゅうはしよう | chūha shiyō | |
Negative | 中破しない | ちゅうはしない | chūha shinai | |
Negative continuative | 中破せず | ちゅうはせず | chūha sezu | |
Formal | 中破します | ちゅうはします | chūha shimasu | |
Perfective | 中破した | ちゅうはした | chūha shita | |
Conjunctive | 中破して | ちゅうはして | chūha shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 中破すれば | ちゅうはすれば | chūha sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References[edit]
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Wasei kango
- Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- zh:Rail transportation
- Mandarin terms with quotations
- Japanese terms spelled with 中 read as ちゅう
- Japanese terms spelled with 破 read as は
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs