俄羅斯

See also: 俄罗斯

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (俄羅斯)		俄	羅	斯
simp. (俄罗斯)		俄	罗	斯
alternative forms		鄂羅斯／鄂罗斯 斡羅思／斡罗思 峨羅斯／峨罗斯

Etymology

Qing-era transcription of Manchu ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (oros, “Russians; Russia”), from Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠤᠰ᠋ (orus, “Russians; Russia”), from Middle Mongol 斡羅思 (orus, “Rus”), from Kipchak [Term?] (“Rus”) (whence Armeno-Kipchak Որուս (Orus, “Ruthenia”), with vowel-harmonic prothesis o- before liquid r-), from Old East Slavic Русь f (Rusĭ, “Rus”), from Proto-Finnic *roocci (“Swede, Varangian”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Éluósī, Èluósī

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ, ㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngo³ lo³ lhu¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Ngò-lò-sṳ̂

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngo² lo² si¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Gô-lô-su / Ngô͘-lô-sir

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngo⁵ lo⁵ se¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶ngu-lu-sy

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Éluósī
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: éluósih
    • Wade–Giles: o²-lo²-ssŭ¹
    • Yale: é-lwó-sz̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: erluosy
    • Palladius: элосы (elosy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant, common in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Èluósī
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: èluósih
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴-lo²-ssŭ¹
    • Yale: è-lwó-sz̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehluosy
    • Palladius: элосы (elosy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹
    • Yale: ngòh lòh sī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngo⁴ lo⁴ xi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: ngo³ lo³ lhu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵑɡᵘɔ²² lᵘɔ²² ɬu³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ngò-lò-sṳ̂
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngoˇ loˇ sii´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngo² lo² si¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋo¹¹ lo¹¹ sɨ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngo² lo² si¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋo¹¹ lo¹¹ sz̩⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋo⁵³⁻³³ l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ^(s-)ly⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Gô-lô-su
    • Tâi-lô: Gô-lô-su
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goiloisw
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡo¹³⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɤ²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡo²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡo²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ngô͘-lô-sir
    • Tâi-lô: Ngôo-lô-sir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngo⁵ lo⁵ se¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngô lô sṳ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sɯ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶ngu-lu-sy
    • MiniDict: ngu^去 lu syi
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ngu-lu-sr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋu²² lu⁵⁵ sz̩²¹/

Proper noun

俄羅斯

1. Russia (The largest country in the world, a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)

   中國和俄羅斯的邊界 [MSC, trad.]
   中国和俄罗斯的边界 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhōngguó hé Éluósī de biānjiè [Pinyin]

   the border between China and Russia

Synonyms

• (abbreviation) 俄 (É)
• 俄國／俄国 (Éguó)
• (Dungan) Вурус (Vurus)
• (Yuan dynasty) 斡羅思／斡罗思
• (Ming dynasty) 魯西亞／鲁西亚
• (Qing dynasty, now rather offensive) 羅剎／罗刹 (Luóchà)
• (Qing dynasty) 鄂羅斯／鄂罗斯
• (Qing dynasty, Orthodoxy) 鿡西亞／鿡西亚
• (dated, Shanghainese, attributive only) 羅宋／罗宋 (luósòng)
• (dated or Min Nan, Hakka, Northeastern Mandarin, Dalian dialect, ACG) 露西亞／露西亚 (Lùxīyà)
• (informal, by extension) 蘇聯／苏联 (Sūlián)

Derived terms

• 俄羅斯人／俄罗斯人 (éluósīrén)
• 俄羅斯文／俄罗斯文 (éluósīwén)
• 俄羅斯方塊／俄罗斯方块 (éluósī Fāngkuài)
• 俄羅斯沙拉／俄罗斯沙拉 (éluósī shālā)
• 俄羅斯聯邦／俄罗斯联邦 (éluósī Liánbāng)
• 俄羅斯語／俄罗斯语 (éluósīyǔ)
• 俄羅斯輪盤／俄罗斯轮盘 (éluósīlúnpán)
• 大俄羅斯主義／大俄罗斯主义 (dà 'éluósī zhǔyì)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (俄羅斯):

• → Japanese: 俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(ス) (Orosu); 俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(シャ) (Orosha)
• → Korean: 아라사(俄羅斯) (Arasa)
• → Vietnamese: Nga La Tư (俄羅斯)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
俄	羅	斯
オ Jinmeiyō (ateji)	ロ Grade: S (ateji)	ス Jinmeiyō (ateji)
irregular	irregular	tōon

From Mandarin 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (éluósī).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [o̞ɾo̞sɨᵝ]

Proper noun

俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(ス) • (Orosu) 

1. (dated, rare) Russia

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
俄	羅	斯
オ Jinmeiyō (ateji)	ロ Grade: S (ateji)	シャ Jinmeiyō (ateji)
irregular

From Mandarin 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (éluósī), affected by Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [o̞ɾo̞ɕa̠]

Proper noun

俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(シャ) • (Orosha) ^{←オロシヤ (orosya)?}

1. (dated, rare) Russia
   • (Can we date this quote?), ja:森鷗外, 柵草紙の山房論文:

     美(び)術(じゅつ)を評(ひょう)し、文(ぶん)學(がく)を論(ろん)ずるに當(あた)りて、沒(ぼつ)理(り)想(そう)を基(もと)とするものは、獨逸(ドイツ)に文(ぶん)庫(こ) Magazin(マガツィーン) の一黨(いっとう)あり、スカンヂナヰヤにイプセンが餘(よ)流(りゅう)あり、英吉利(イギリス)にも俄羅斯(オロシャ)にもその人(ひと)あれど、概(おほむね)皆(みな)エミル・ゾラを宗(むね)とす。

     Bijutsu o hyōshi, bungaku o ronzuru ni atari te, botsurisō o moto to suru mono wa, Doitsu ni bunko Magatsīn no ittō ari, Sukanjinaiya ni Ipusen ga yoryū ari, Igirisu nimo Orosha nimo sono hito aredo, ohomune mina Emiru Zora o mune tosu.

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Korean

Hanja in this term
俄	羅	斯

Proper noun

俄羅斯 • (Arasa) (hangeul 아라사)

1. Hanja form^? of 아라사 (“(obsolete) Russia”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
俄	羅	斯

Proper noun

俄羅斯

1. chữ Hán form of Nga La Tư (“(obsolete) Russia”).