可愛がる

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Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term

Grade: 5
あい > わい
Grade: 4
on’yomi irregular

Etymology[edit]

Derived as compound of 可愛い (kawaii, cute, adorable) +‎ がる (-garu, feeling or thinking that way, suffix applied to nouns and adjective stems to create a verb).[1][2]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "可愛がる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
可愛がる わいが [kàwáígáꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 可愛がれ わいが [kàwáígáꜜrè]
Key constructions
Passive 可愛がられる わいがられ [kàwáígáráréꜜrù]
Causative 可愛がらせる わいがらせ [kàwáígáráséꜜrù]
Potential 可愛がれる わいがれ [kàwáígáréꜜrù]
Volitional 可愛がろう わいがろ [kàwáígáróꜜò]
Negative 可愛がらない わいがらない [kàwáígáráꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 可愛がらなかった わいがらなかった [kàwáígáráꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 可愛がります わいがりま [kàwáígárímáꜜsù]
Perfective 可愛がった わいがった [kàwáígáꜜttà]
Conjunctive 可愛がって わいがって [kàwáígáꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional 可愛がれば わいがれば [kàwáígáꜜrèbà]

Verb[edit]

()(わい)がる (kawaigaruかはいがる (kafaigaru)?godan (stem ()(わい)がり (kawaigari), past ()(わい)がった (kawaigatta))

  1. to adore, to be sweet on
  2. (ironically, from the idea of giving special attention to) to persistently bother or annoy someone, to be a noodge to someone
  3. (ironically, from the idea of giving special attention to) to bully someone, to beat someone
  4. (ironically, from the idea of giving special attention to) to train someone very strenuously

Conjugation[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN