堂堂

Chinese

		(main) hall; large room	(main) hall; large room
simp. and trad. (堂堂)		堂	堂

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tángtáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄤˊ ㄊㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tong⁴ tong⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tông-tông

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tángtáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˊ ㄊㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tángtáng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻang²-tʻang²
    • Yale: táng-táng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarngtarng
    • Palladius: тантан (tantan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑŋ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tong⁴ tong⁴
    • Yale: tòhng tòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tong⁴ tong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tong⁴ tong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːŋ²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tông-tông
    • Tâi-lô: tông-tông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dongdoong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ¹³⁻²² tɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²³⁻³³ tɔŋ²³/

Adjective

堂堂

1. (literary) imposing; magnificent; majestic; stately
2. (literary) grave; solemn; dignified

   • 將來你長大時，
     莫忘了我怎樣教訓兒子：
     我要你做一個堂堂的人，
     不要你做我的孝順兒子。 [MSC, trad.]
     将来你长大时，
     莫忘了我怎样教训儿子：
     我要你做一个堂堂的人，
     不要你做我的孝顺儿子。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: June 1919; 胡適 Hu Shih; 我的兒子

     Jiānglái nǐ zhǎngdà shí,
     Mò wàng le wǒ zěnyàng jiàoxùn érzi:
     Wǒ yào nǐ zuò yīge tángtáng de rén,
     Bù yào nǐ zuò wǒ de xiàoshùn érzi. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. (literary) powerful; strong
4. (literary) ambitious

Derived terms

• 一貌堂堂
• 亮堂堂
• 堂堂正正 (tángtángzhèngzhèng)
• 堂堂皇皇
• 正正之旗，堂堂之陳／正正之旗，堂堂之陈
• 正正堂堂
• 相貌堂堂 (xiàngmàotángtáng)
• 風采堂堂

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
堂	堂
どう Grade: 5	どう Grade: 5
goon

Alternative spelling
堂々

Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 堂堂 (MC dang dang). First cited in Japanese in the late 1100s.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) どーどー [dòódóó] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) どーど​ー [dòódóꜜò] (Nakadaka – [3])
• IPA^(key): [do̞ːdo̞ː]

Adjective

堂(どう)堂(どう) • (dōdō) ^†-tari (adnominal 堂(どう)堂(どう)とした (dōdō to shita) or 堂(どう)堂(どう)たる (dōdō taru), adverbial 堂(どう)堂(どう)と (dōdō to) or 堂(どう)堂(どう)として (dōdō to shite))

1. [from late 1100s] magnificent, grand, bold, impressive, majestic, imposing, dignified, stately

   堂々(どうどう)たる大聖堂(だいせいどう)の外観(がいかん)

   dōdōtaru daiseidō no gaikan

   the exterior of the grand cathedral

2. [from 1906] proud, fair, square, open, unreserved, hiding nothing

Usage notes

• As an adjective, this takes the たる (taru) attributive ending, as shown in the usage examples.

Adverb

堂(どう)堂(どう) • (dōdō) 

1. [from late 1100s] magnificently, grandly, boldly, impressively, majesticly, imposingly, in a dignified or stately manner

   その老人(ろうじん)は堂々(どうどう)とした顔(かお)つきをしていた。

   Sono rōjin wa dōdō to shita kaotsuki o shite ita.

   The old man had a noble countenance.

   彼(かれ)はその式典(しきてん)で堂々(どうどう)と振(ふ)る舞(ま)った。

   Kare wa sono shikiten de dōdō to furumatta.

   He bore himself well at the ceremony.

   堂々(どうどう)としなさい。

   Dōdō to shinasai.

   Walk tall, son.

2. [from 1906] proudly, fairly, squarely, openly, unreservedly, without apology, without hesitation, hiding nothing

Usage notes

• As an adverb, this takes the adverbial particle と (to), as shown in the usage examples.

References

• EDICT and KANJIDIC dictionary files. Electronic Dictionaries Research Group. Used in accordance with the group's license.
• Michael Panzera (2010 March 6 (last accessed)) “List of -Taru Adjectives”, in Blastitwonner: Law and Language in Japan‎^[2]