天花
Chinese[edit]
day; sky; heaven | flower; blossom; to spend flower; blossom; to spend; fancy pattern | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (天花) | 天 | 花 | |
simp. #(天花) | 天 | 花 | |
Literally: “heaven flower”. |
Etymology[edit]
Originally the Chinese translation of several Sanskrit and Pali words, including Sanskrit खपुष्प (khapuṣpa, “flower in the sky”), as well as several plant names, such as Sanskrit दिव्यपुष्प (divyapuṣpa, “oleander [heaven-flower]”) / Pali devapuppha, and Sanskrit शालपुष्प (śālapuṣpa, “confederate rose [house-flower]”).
The development from “heaven-flower” (or other interpretations of the combination) to “smallpox” is unknown. It may be due to the shape resemblance of smallpox pustules to the divine flowers in Buddhism. Compare Tibetan ལྷ་འབྲུམ (lha 'brum, “smallpox [deva-pustule]”), མེ་ཏོག (me tog, “flower; (dialectal) smallpox”), and Mongolian ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ
ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ (salkin čečeg) / салхин цэцэг (salxin ceceg, “smallpox; chickenpox [wind-flower]”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
天花
- (Buddhism) flower of the sky; divine flower, stated in the Lotus Sutra as of four kinds, two white and two red
- (literary, poetic) snowflake; snow
- (pathology) smallpox; variola
- Short for 天花板 (tiānhuābǎn, “ceiling”).
Synonyms[edit]
- (flower of the sky): 天華/天华, 空華/空华
- (snowflake): 雪花 (xuěhuā)
- (smallpox): 天然痘 (tiānrándòu); (TCM) 痘瘡/痘疮 (dòuchuāng)
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 天花板 | |
Mandarin | Harbin | 天花板 |
Yantai (Muping) | 天棚, 仰棚 | |
Jinan | 天花板 | |
Xi'an | 天花板 | |
Yinchuan | 仰塵, 頂棚 | |
Xining | 仰塵, 頂棚, 天花板 | |
Ürümqi | 仰塵, 天花板 | |
Chengdu | 天花板, 天花板兒 | |
Guiyang | 天花板 | |
Liuzhou | 天花板 | |
Yangzhou | 天花板 | |
Nanjing | 天花板 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 天花板, 天花 |
Dongguan | 浪層, 天花板 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 天花板 |
Lichuan | 天花板 | |
Pingxiang | 天花板 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 天花板 |
Yudu | 天花板, 倒板, 天棚 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 天花板 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 仰塵, 頂棚, 天花板 cement |
Xinzhou | 幔子, 仰塵 | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 天花板 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 天花板 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 天羅板, 天篷 |
Quanzhou | 天篷 | |
Taipei | 天篷 | |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 天篷 | |
Kaohsiung | 天篷, 天遮 | |
Yilan | 天篷, 天遮 | |
Taichung | 天篷 | |
Tainan | 天篷 | |
Hsinchu | 天篷 | |
Kinmen | 天花板 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 天花板, 天遮 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 天花板 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 倒吊枋 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 天花板 |
Wu | Shanghai | 天花板 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 天面 | |
Suzhou | 天花板 | |
Danyang | 天花板 | |
Hangzhou | 天花板 | |
Ningbo | 天花板 | |
Jinhua | 天花板 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 天花板 |
Loudi | 天花板 |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
天 | 花 |
てん Grade: 1 |
か Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
Noun[edit]
- snow
- a flower that blossoms in the Buddhist heaven by their tale.
- lotus-petal-shaped confetti scattering before the mortuary tablet.
- Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Chinese terms derived from Pali
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- zh:Buddhism
- Chinese literary terms
- Chinese poetic terms
- zh:Diseases
- Chinese short forms
- Japanese terms spelled with 天 read as てん
- Japanese terms spelled with 花 read as か
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters