好き
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Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 好 |
| す Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 数奇 (rare) 数寄 (rare) |
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 好く (suku, “to like, to be fond of, to enjoy, to feel love for”).[1][2]
First cited to the late 900s in the 宇津保物語 (Utsubo Monogatari).[1]
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
好き • (suki) -na (adnominal 好きな (suki na), adverbial 好きに (suki ni))
- liked, favorite
- Antonym: 嫌い
- 好きな食べ物は？ アイスクリームです。
- Suki na tabemono wa? Aisu kurīmu desu.
- What's your favorite food? - It's ice cream.
- 君が好きだからこそこれほど頑張っているんだよ。
- Kimi ga suki da kara koso kore hodo ganbatte iru n da yo.
- It's precisely because I like you [because of my fondness for you] that I'm working this hard.
- 好きです。
- Suki desu.
- “I like you.” → idiomatically used to express: “I love you.”
- どうとも好きにしなさい。
- Dō to mo suki ni shinasai.
- Feel free to do as you like.
Usage notes[edit]
Used as an adjective to describe the thing that is liked. Note that this is different from English, where the term like is used as a verb describing the action of having a fondness or preference for something. The verb from which this term is derived, however, 好く (suku), more closely resembles the verbal usage of like in English.
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of 好き
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 好きだろ | すきだろ | suki daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 好きで | すきで | suki de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 好きだ | すきだ | suki da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 好きな | すきな | suki na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 好きなら | すきなら | suki nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 好きであれ | すきであれ | suki de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 好きではない 好きじゃない |
すきではない すきじゃない |
suki de wa nai suki ja nai |
| Informal past | 好きだった | すきだった | suki datta |
| Informal negative past | 好きではなかった 好きじゃなかった |
すきではなかった すきじゃなかった |
suki de wa nakatta suki ja nakatta |
| Formal | 好きです | すきです | suki desu |
| Formal negative | 好きではありません 好きじゃありません |
すきではありません すきじゃありません |
suki de wa arimasen suki ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 好きでした | すきでした | suki deshita |
| Formal negative past | 好きではありませんでした 好きじゃありませんでした |
すきではありませんでした すきじゃありませんでした |
suki de wa arimasen deshita suki ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 好きで | すきで | suki de |
| Conditional | 好きなら（ば） | すきなら（ば） | suki nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 好きだったら | すきだったら | suki dattara |
| Volitional | 好きだろう | すきだろう | suki darō |
| Adverbial | 好きに | すきに | suki ni |
| Degree | 好きさ | すきさ | sukisa |
Noun[edit]
- fondness, favor, favour
- 好きこそものの上手なれ
- Suki koso mono no jōzu nare
- Your fondness helps improve your skill. → Who likes not his business, his business doesn't like him.
- 好きこそものの上手なれ
Derived terms[edit]
- 好き好き (sukizuki): matter of taste
- 好きになる (suki ni naru): to fall in love
Suffix[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 好 |
| よ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
Adjective[edit]
- (Classical Japanese or literary) attributive of 好し
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “好・数奇・数寄”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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- Classical Japanese
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