年紀

See also: 年纪

Chinese

		year	discipline; age; era discipline; age; era; period; order; record
trad. (年紀)		年	紀
simp. (年纪)		年	纪
anagram		紀年／纪年

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): niánjì

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ gei²
• Gan (Wiktionary): nyien⁴ ji
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngièn-ki / ngiàn-ki

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngian² gi³

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nî-kí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵ gi²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶gni-ci

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánjì → niánji (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧˋ → ㄋㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄐㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánji̊
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-chi⁵
    • Yale: nyán-ji
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nian.jih
    • Palladius: няньцзи (njanʹczi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/ → /ni̯ɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i³/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 年紀／年纪 年際／年际

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nin⁴ gei²
    • Yale: nìhn géi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ gei²
    • Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ géi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ kei̯³⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: nyien⁴ ji
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲiɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn-ki
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngienˇ gi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² gi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en¹¹ ki⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàn-ki
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngianˇ gi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² gi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯an¹¹ ki⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngian² gi³
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋian¹¹ ki³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-kí
    • Tâi-lô: nî-kí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ni'kie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² ki⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³⁻²² ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ ki⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ni⁵ gi²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî kí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶gni-ci
    • MiniDict: nyi^去 ci
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyi-ji
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲi²² t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: nen kiX

Rime
Character	年	紀
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	奴顚切	居里切
Baxter	nen	kiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nen/	/kɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/nen/	/kɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛn/	/kieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛn/	/kɨX/
Li Rong	/nen/	/kiəX/
Wang Li	/nien/	/kĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/nien/	/kiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nián	jǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nin4	gei2

Noun

年紀

1. age (of a person)

   年紀很大／年纪很大  ―  niánjì hěn dà  ―  very old

   年紀輕輕／年纪轻轻  ―  niánjì qīng qīng  ―  ... (despite being) at such a young age

   他的年紀已經不小了。 [MSC, trad.]
   他的年纪已经不小了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā de niánjì yǐjīng bù xiǎo le. [Pinyin]

   He's not a young person anymore.

2. (archaic) number of years; year count
3. (archaic) time (in general)

Usage notes

年齡／年龄 (niánlíng) and 年紀／年纪 (niánjì) are different in that the former can refer to the age of a person, plant or heavenly body, while the latter can only refer to the age of a person.

Synonyms

• (age):

• 年事 (niánshì)
• 年歲／年岁 (niánsuì)
• 年齒／年齿 (niánchǐ) (literary, of a person, in years)
• 年齡／年龄 (niánlíng)
• 歲子／岁子 (Hokkien)
• 歲數／岁数 (suìshu)
• 歲聲／岁声 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 歲頭／岁头 (Hokkien)
• 齒髮／齿发 (chǐfà) (literary, humble)

 

• (number of years): 積年／积年 (jīnián), 年代 (niándài), 年數／年数 (niánshù)
• (time): 年數／年数 (niánshù), 年代 (niándài), 時候／时候 (shíhou), 時間／时间 (shíjiān), (Hokkien, Teochew) 時陣／时阵 (sî-chūn), (Wu) 辰光 (zen kuaan (T3))

Derived terms

• 一把年紀／一把年纪 (yībǎniánjì)
• 上年紀／上年纪 (shàng niánjì)
• 小小年紀／小小年纪
• 有年紀／有年纪

 

References

• “Entry #2347”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.