改正

Chinese

		to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct	just (right); main; upright just (right); main; upright; straight; correct; principle; Chinese 1st month of year
simp. and trad. (改正)		改	正

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǎizhèng

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞˇ ㄓㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): goi² zing³

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kói-chṳn
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kái-chèng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): goi² zian³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǎizhèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ ㄓㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǎijhèng
    • Wade–Giles: kai³-chêng⁴
    • Yale: gǎi-jèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaejenq
    • Palladius: гайчжэн (gajčžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: goi² zing³
    • Yale: gói jing
    • Cantonese Pinyin: goi² dzing³
    • Guangdong Romanization: goi² jing³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sɪŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kói-chṳn
    • Hakka Romanization System: goi` ziin
    • Hagfa Pinyim: goi³ zin⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /koi̯³¹ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-chèng
    • Tâi-lô: kái-tsìng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kayzexng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: goi² zian³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kói tsiàⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koi⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sĩã²¹³/

Verb

改正

1. to correct; to amend; to rectify

   改正錯誤／改正错误  ―  gǎizhèng cuòwù  ―  to correct a mistake

Synonyms

• 修改 (xiūgǎi)
• 修正 (xiūzhèng)
• 修編／修编 (xiūbiān)
• 修訂／修订 (xiūdìng)
• 刪改／删改 (shāngǎi)
• 匡正 (kuāngzhèng) (literary)
• 參訂／参订 (cāndìng) (to proofread and correct)
• 批改 (pīgǎi) (to mark)
• 改定 (gǎidìng)
• 改訂／改订 (gǎidìng)
• 更定 (gēngdìng)
• 更正 (gēngzhèng)
• 格正 (gézhèng) (literary)
• 校正 (jiàozhèng) (to proofread and correct)
• 矯正／矫正 (jiǎozhèng)
• 端正 (duānzhèng)
• 糾正／纠正 (jiūzhèng)
• 訂正／订正 (dìngzhèng)
• 重修 (chóngxiū)
• 釐正 (lízhèng) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 改正液 (gǎizhèngyè)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
改	正
かい Grade: 4	せい Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かいせー [kàíséé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ise̞ː]

Noun

改(かい)正(せい) • (kaisei) 

1. amendment
   • 1916, 夏目漱石, 明暗:

     市区(しく)改正(かいせい)の結果(けっか)、よほど以前(いぜん)に取(と)り広(ひろ)げられた往来(おうらい)には、比較的(ひかくてき)よそで見(み)られない幅(はば)があった。

     Shiku kaisei no kekka, yohodo izen ni torihirogerareta ōrai ni wa, hikakuteki yoso de mirarenai haba ga atta.

     The result of the municipal redistricting was that some streets were widened to an extent unseen before.

Verb

改(かい)正(せい)する • (kaisei suru) transitive suru (stem 改(かい)正(せい)し (kaisei shi), past 改(かい)正(せい)した (kaisei shita))

1. amend, revise

Conjugation

Conjugation of "改正する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	改正し	かいせいし	kaisei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	改正し	かいせいし	kaisei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	改正する	かいせいする	kaisei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	改正する	かいせいする	kaisei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	改正すれ	かいせいすれ	kaisei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	改正せよ¹ 改正しろ²	かいせいせよ¹ かいせいしろ²	kaisei seyo¹ kaisei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	改正される	かいせいされる	kaisei sareru
Causative	改正させる 改正さす	かいせいさせる かいせいさす	kaisei saseru kaisei sasu
Potential	改正できる	かいせいできる	kaisei dekiru
Volitional	改正しよう	かいせいしよう	kaisei shiyō
Negative	改正しない	かいせいしない	kaisei shinai
Negative continuative	改正せず	かいせいせず	kaisei sezu
Formal	改正します	かいせいします	kaisei shimasu
Perfective	改正した	かいせいした	kaisei shita
Conjunctive	改正して	かいせいして	kaisei shite
Hypothetical conditional	改正すれば	かいせいすれば	kaisei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
改	正

Noun

改正 • (gaejeong) (hangeul 개정)

1. Hanja form^? of 개정 (“amendment”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
改	正

Verb

改正

1. chữ Hán form of cải chính (“to correct”).