沒食子

Chinese

		sink; have not	eat	seed
trad. (沒食子)		沒	食	子
simp. (没食子)		没	食	子
alternative forms		無食子／无食子 墨食子 沒石子／没石子 無石子／无石子 墨石子 無食子／无食子 墨食子 沒石子／没石子 無石子／无石子 墨石子 沒實子／没实子 麻茶澤／麻茶泽

Quercus infectoria leaves with galls.

Etymology

Literally “have-not-eat-seed”.

This is a

phono-semantic matching from some language in the Western Regions, possibly the Middle Iranian ancestors of Modern Persian مازوج (mâzuj), مازو (mâzu, “gallnut; gall-apple or oak-apple”).

Compare Hindi माजूफल (mājūphal, “gallnut”) (with फल (phal, “fruit”)), Urdu ماجو (mājū), مازو (māzū), ماجوپهل (mājūphal, “oak gall”), Turkish mazı (“gallnut”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mòshízǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˋ ㄕˊ ㄗˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mut⁶ sik⁶ zi²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mòshízǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ ㄕˊ ㄗˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mòshíhzǐh
    • Wade–Giles: mo⁴-shih²-tzŭ³
    • Yale: mwò-shŕ-dž
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mohshyrtzyy
    • Palladius: мошицзы (mošiczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: mut⁶ sik⁶ zi²
    • Yale: muht sihk jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mut⁹ sik⁹ dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: mud⁶ xig⁶ ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /muːt̚² sɪk̚² t͡siː³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: mwot zyik tsiX

Rime
Character	沒	食	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	船 (27)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	沒 (56)	職 (134)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III
Fanqie	莫勃切	乗力切	即里切
Baxter	mwot	zyik	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muət̚/	/ʑɨk̚/	/t͡sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/muot̚/	/ʑɨk̚/	/t͡sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/muət̚/	/ʑiek̚/	/t͡sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwət̚/	/ʑik̚/	/t͡sɨX/
Li Rong	/muət̚/	/d͡ʑiək̚/	/t͡siəX/
Wang Li	/muət̚/	/d͡ʑĭək̚/	/t͡sĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/muət̚/	/d͡ʑʰi̯ək̚/	/t͡siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mò	shí	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mut6	sik6	zi2

Noun

沒食子

1. (traditional Chinese medicine) Quercus infectoria (Aleppo oak) gall; manjakani; oak gall

Derived terms

• 沒食子樹／没食子树
• 沒食子蜂／没食子蜂
• 沒食子酸／没食子酸 (mòshízǐsuān)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (沒食子):

• → Japanese: 没(もっ)食(しょく)子(し) (mosshokushi); 没(ぼっ)食(しょく)子(し) (bosshokushi)
• → Korean: 몰식자(沒食子) (molsikja)