甘藍

See also: 甘蓝

Chinese

		sweet; willingly; Gansu province (abbrev.)	blue; indigo plant; surname
trad. (甘藍)		甘	藍
simp. (甘蓝)		甘	蓝

Etymology

The word was recorded in the late-11th-century book on medicinal plants 《證類本草》 by Tang Shenwei, quoting from the 9th-century book 《食醫心鏡》, now lost.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gānlán

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ ㄌㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹ laam⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kam-lâm

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gam¹ lam⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹koe-le

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gānlán
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ ㄌㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ganlán
    • Wade–Giles: kan¹-lan²
    • Yale: gān-lán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ganlan
    • Palladius: ганьлань (ganʹlanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵ län³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gam¹ laam⁴
    • Yale: gām làahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹ laam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem¹ lam⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵ laːm²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kam-lâm
    • Tâi-lô: kam-lâm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kamlaam
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kam³³ lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kam⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gam¹ lam⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kam lâm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kam³³⁻²³ lam⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹koe-le
    • MiniDict: koe^平 le
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹koe-le
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kø⁵⁵ le²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kam lam

Rime
Character	甘	藍
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	談 (143)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	古三切	魯甘切
Baxter	kam	lam
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑm/	/lɑm/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑm/	/lɑm/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑm/	/lɑm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kam/	/lam/
Li Rong	/kɑm/	/lɑm/
Wang Li	/kɑm/	/lɑm/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑm/	/lɑm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gān	lán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam1	laam4

Noun

甘藍

1. cabbage (Brassica oleracea), especially the wild cabbage

Derived terms

• 抱子甘藍／抱子甘蓝
• 海甘藍／海甘蓝
• 球芽甘藍／球芽甘蓝
• 紫甘藍／紫甘蓝 (zǐgānlán)
• 結球甘藍／结球甘蓝 (jiéqiú gānlán)
• 羽衣甘藍／羽衣甘蓝 (yǔyī gānlán)
• 芽甘藍／芽甘蓝

 

Descendants

• → Thai: กะหล่ำ (gà-làm)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
甘	藍
かん Grade: S	らん Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 甘藍 (kɑm lɑm).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かんらん [kàńráń] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) か​んらん [káꜜǹràǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [kã̠nɾã̠ɴ]

Noun

甘(かん)藍(らん) • (kanran) 

1. cabbage

Synonyms

• 玉菜(たまな) (tamana), キャベツ (kyabetsu)

Derived terms

• 蕪甘藍(かぶかんらん) (kabu kanran, “kohlrabi”)
• 球茎甘藍(きゅうけいかんらん) (kyūkei kanran, “kohlrabi”)
• 子持甘藍(こもちかんらん) (komochi kanran, “Brussels sprout”)
• 羽衣甘藍(はごろもかんらん) (hagoromo kanran, “kale”)
• 花甘藍(はなかんらん) (hana kanran, “cauliflower”)
• 緑葉甘藍(りょくようかんらん) (ryokuyō kanran, “kale”)

Yoron

Kanji in this term
甘	藍
Grade: S	Grade: S

Etymology

Middle Chinese 甘藍 (kɑm lɑm).

Noun

甘藍(かんだん) (kandan) 

1. cabbage