畏まる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
畏
かしこ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology

Derived from classical verb 畏む (kashikomu), itself apparently a back-formation from 畏み (kashikomi), from the kashiko stem of adjective 畏い (kashikoi, “dreadful, terrible, awesome”) + nominalizing suffix み (mi, indicating appearance or state).

The meaning of the adjective evolved from dreadful to awesome to worthy of respect; compare the shades in meaning in English awful and awesome. The meaning of the verb kashikomaru similarly shifted from to be impressed by something as dreadful to to be impressed by something as worthy of deep respect.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かしこま​る [kàshíkómáꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [4])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ɕiko̞ma̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

畏(かしこ)まる • (kashikomaru) intransitive godan (stem 畏(かしこ)まり (kashikomari), past 畏(かしこ)まった (kashikomatta))

1. (humble) to understand, to acknowledge

   はい、畏(かしこ)まりました。

   Hai, kashikomarimashita.

   Yes, sir/madam! (honorific response)

2. to obey respectfully, comply
3. to sit upright
4. to be stiff or formal, to stand on ceremony

Conjugation

Conjugation of "畏まる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	畏まら	かしこまら	kashikomara
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	畏まり	かしこまり	kashikomari
Shūshikei ("terminal")	畏まる	かしこまる	kashikomaru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	畏まる	かしこまる	kashikomaru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	畏まれ	かしこまれ	kashikomare
Meireikei ("imperative")	畏まれ	かしこまれ	kashikomare
Key constructions
Passive	畏まられる	かしこまられる	kashikomarareru
Causative	畏まらせる 畏まらす	かしこまらせる かしこまらす	kashikomaraseru kashikomarasu
Potential	畏まれる	かしこまれる	kashikomareru
Volitional	畏まろう	かしこまろう	kashikomarō
Negative	畏まらない	かしこまらない	kashikomaranai
Negative continuative	畏まらず	かしこまらず	kashikomarazu
Formal	畏まります	かしこまります	kashikomarimasu
Perfective	畏まった	かしこまった	kashikomatta
Conjunctive	畏まって	かしこまって	kashikomatte
Hypothetical conditional	畏まれば	かしこまれば	kashikomareba