而況

Chinese

		and; as well as; but (not) and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast)	moreover; situation
trad. (而況)		而	況
simp. (而况)		而	况

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): érkuàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄦˊ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴ fong³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lî-hóng / jî-hóng
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶gher-khuaon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: érkuàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄦˊ ㄎㄨㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: érkuàng
    • Wade–Giles: êrh²-kʻuang⁴
    • Yale: ér-kwàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: erlkuanq
    • Palladius: эркуан (erkuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤɻ³⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji⁴ fong³
    • Yale: yìh fong
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴ fong³
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴ fong³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹ fɔːŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî-hóng
    • Tâi-lô: lî-hóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: li'horng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /li²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /li²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî-hóng
    • Tâi-lô: jî-hóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ji'horng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶gher-khuaon
    • MiniDict: r^去 khuaon
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hher-khuaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦəl²² kʰuɑ̃⁴⁴/

Conjunction

而況

1. much less; let alone
2. moreover; besides; in addition