舅

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舅 U+8205, 舅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8205
← 舄
[U+8204] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 舆 →
[U+8206]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

舅 (Kangxi radical 134, 臼+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹難田大尸 (HXWKS), four-corner 77427, composition ⿱臼男)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1004, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30208
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1460, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3040, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8205

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 舅
alternative forms
 
𦥶
𦦊
𤽲
𠢎
𤰧
𦥶
𦦊
𤽲
𠢎
𤰧
旧

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (臼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
臼 *ɡuʔ
齨 *ɡuʔ
桕 *ɡuʔ
舅 *ɡuʔ
舊 *ɡʷɯs
匶 *ɡʷɯs
閰 *kuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡuʔ) : phonetic 臼 (OC *ɡuʔ) + semantic 男 (“male; man”).

Etymology[edit]

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)əw-n (“elder brother; senior male relative”); compare Tibetan ཨ་ཁུ (a khu), ཁུ་བོ (khu bo, “father's brother”) (Sagart, 2017d; STEDT). Possibly related to 舊 (OC *ɡʷɯs, “old; ancient”), 昆 (OC *kuːn, “elder brother”) (Sagart, 1999; STEDT); see there for more.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • kū/kǔ - vernacular;
  • kiū/kiǔ - literary.
Note:
  • jiou5 - vernacular;
  • jiou4 - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 舅
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiou⁵¹/
    Harbin /t͡ɕiou⁵³/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕiou⁵³/
    Jinan /t͡ɕiou²¹/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕiou⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiou³¹²/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕiou⁴⁴/
    Xining /t͡ɕiɯ²¹³/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕiəu¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕiou¹³/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕiɤu²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕiəu³⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕiəu¹³/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕiəu²¹³/
    Kunming /t͡ɕiəu²¹²/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕiəɯ⁴⁴/
    Hefei /t͡ɕiɯ⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəu⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕiəu³⁵/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕiəu⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑiɤ²³/
    Suzhou /d͡ʑiɤ³¹/
    Hangzhou /d͡ʑiø¹³/
    Wenzhou /d͡ʑau³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiu³⁵/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiu²⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕiəu⁵⁵/
    /t͡ɕiəu¹¹/
    Xiangtan /d͡ʑiəɯ²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /kʰiu⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /kʰiu²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰɐu²³/
    Nanning /kʰɐu²⁴/
    Hong Kong /kʰɐu¹³/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kiu²²/
    /ku²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kiɛu²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kiu⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /ku³⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /ku³³/
    /ku³¹/
    Rime
    Character 舅
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 群 (30)
    Final (韻) 尤 (136)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 其九切
    Baxter gjuwX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɡɨuX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɡiuX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɡiəuX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/guwX/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɡiuX/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɡĭəuX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/gi̯ə̯uX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiù
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gau6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 舅
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ gjuwX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ɡ](r)uʔ/
    English mother"s brother

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 舅
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6980
    Phonetic
    component         		臼
    Rime
    group         		幽
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		舅
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡuʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    舅

    1. maternal uncle (mother's brother)
    2. brother-in-law (wife's brother)
    3. † father-in-law (wife's father or husband's father)
    4. † feudal prince of a different surname (to an emperor)
    5. † official of a different surname (to a feudal prince)
    6. a surname
    7. (Taiwan, botany) used in plant names to indicate naming after a similar species
      苦楝舅  ―  kǔliànjiù  ―  Koelreuteria elegans, a tree that resembles Melia azedarach (苦楝)
      鼠麴舅／鼠曲舅  ―  shǔqūjiù  ―  Gamochaeta purpureum, a herb that resembles Pseudognaphalium affine (鼠麴草)
      欖仁舅／榄仁舅  ―  lǎnrénjiù  ―  Neonauclea reticulata, a tree that resembles Terminalia catappa (欖仁)

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 舅父 (“maternal uncle (mother's brother)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 母舅, 舅
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 舅父
    Mandarin Beijing 舅舅
    Taiwan 舅舅
    Harbin 舅, 舅舅
    Shenyang 舅舅
    Yantai (Muping) 舅
    Jinan 舅舅
    Luoyang 舅, 舅舅
    Wanrong 舅
    Zhengzhou 舅
    Xi'an 舅
    Yinchuan 舅舅
    Lanzhou 阿舅
    Xining 阿舅, 舅舅
    Ürümqi 舅舅
    Wuhan 舅爺, 舅伯 >, 舅舅 <
    Chengdu 舅舅
    Guiyang 舅舅, 舅, 舅爺
    Kunming 舅爹 >, 舅爺 <
    Guilin 舅
    Liuzhou 舅, 阿舅, 舅爹 >
    Xuzhou 舅爺, 舅舅, 舅
    Yangzhou 舅舅
    Nanjing 舅舅
    Hefei 舅舅
    Singapore 舅舅
    Cantonese Guangzhou 舅父
    Hong Kong 舅父
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 大舅, 阿舅
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 舅父, 阿舅
    Macau 舅父
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 舅父
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 舅父仔
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 舅
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 阿舅, 舅父
    Foshan 舅父
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 舅父
    Foshan (Shunde) 舅父
    Foshan (Sanshui) 大舅父 >, 舅父 <
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 舅父
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 舅父
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 舅父
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 舅父
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 舅父
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 舅父 >, 舅 <
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 舅父 >, 阿舅 <
    Taishan 舅, 大舅 >, 阿舅 <
    Kaiping (Chikan) 阿舅
    Enping (Niujiang) 阿舅
    Heshan (Yayao) 舅父
    Dongguan 阿舅, 母舅, 舅父 <>, 大舅 >, 舅仔 <,<>
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 阿舅
    Shaoguan 舅父
    Yunfu 舅父
    Yangjiang 阿舅
    Xinyi 舅父
    Lianjiang 舅爹 >, 舅父 <, 阿舅 <, 舅仔 <
    Nanning 舅父, 阿父, 舅爺 >
    Wuzhou 舅父
    Yulin 舅爺, 舅公, 大舅龍
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 舅公
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 舅父
    Singapore (Guangfu) 舅父
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 舅父
    Gan Nanchang 母舅, 舅舅
    Lichuan 母舅
    Pingxiang 舅爺, 舅老爺
    Hakka Meixian 阿舅
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 舅公 >, 阿舅 <
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 大舅 >, 舅仔 <
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 大舅 >, 舅仔 <
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 大舅 >, 舅仔 <
    Conghua (Lütian) 阿舅, 舅仔 <
    Changting 舅舅
    Wuping 舅舅
    Ninghua 舅舅
    Yudu 舅舅, 母舅 <>, 母舅公 <>
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 阿舅, 母舅
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 阿舅, 母舅
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 阿舅, 母舅
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 阿舅, 母舅
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 阿舅, 母舅
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 阿舅, 母舅
    Hong Kong 阿舅, 大舅 >, 舅仔 <
    Luchuan (Daqiao) 舅公
    Sabah (Longchuan) 阿舅
    Senai (Huiyang) 阿舅
    Singkawang 阿舅
    Huizhou Jixi 娘舅 <>, 舅舅 ><
    Shexian 舅舅
    Tunxi 舅爺
    Jin Taiyuan 舅舅
    Xinzhou 舅舅 <>, 舅舅啊 ><
    Northern Min Jian'ou 舅舅
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 娘舅 <>, 依舅 ><
    Fuqing 母舅 <>, 舅 ><, 阿舅 ><
    Matsu 依舅
    Southern Min Xiamen 母舅 <>, 阿舅 ><
    Quanzhou 母舅 <>, 阿舅 ><
    Zhangzhou 母舅 <>, 阿舅 ><
    Taipei 阿舅
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 阿舅
    Kaohsiung 阿舅
    Yilan 阿舅
    Changhua (Lukang) 阿舅, 母舅
    Taichung 阿舅, 母舅
    Taichung (Wuqi) 阿舅
    Tainan 阿舅
    Taitung 阿舅
    Hsinchu 阿舅
    Kinmen 阿舅
    Penghu (Magong) 阿舅
    Penang (Hokkien) 阿舅, 舅
    Singapore (Hokkien) 阿舅, 母舅 <>
    Manila (Hokkien) 阿舅
    Chaozhou 阿舅
    Shantou 阿舅, 舅
    Haifeng 舅
    Bangkok (Teochew) 阿舅
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 阿舅
    Singapore (Teochew) 阿舅
    Leizhou 舅翁, 尼翁 >,<>, 翁 >,><, 尼舅 <,<>, 舅 <,><
    Wenchang 舅爹
    Haikou 舅爹 <, 伯爹 >
    Qionghai 舅爹 <, 伯爹 >
    Puxian Min Putian 阿舅
    Xianyou 阿舅
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 母舅
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 舅爺
    Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 舅
    Wu Shanghai 娘舅, 舅舅
    Shanghai (Chongming) 娘舅
    Suzhou 娘舅, 舅舅
    Danyang 娘舅, 舅爹 >, 舅舅 <
    Hangzhou 娘舅
    Ningbo 娘舅, 阿舅, 舅舅
    Wenzhou 舅舅, 娘舅 <>
    Jinhua 娘舅 <>, 舅舅 ><
    Xiang Changsha 舅舅, 老舅 <>
    Loudi 舅舅
    Shuangfeng 舅基, 舅舅
    Quanzhou 舅爺, 舅舅
    Note > - mother's elder brother; < - mother's younger brother; >< - face-to-face; <> - non-face-to-face

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    舅

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    /sihi1to2/: [shipitwo] → [shiɸitwo] → [shiɸito]. See next entry.

    Noun[edit]

    舅(しひと) • (shihito) 

    1. a father-in-law

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From shihito: [shipitwo] → [shiɸitwo] → [shiɸito] → [shiɸuto] → [shiwuto] → [shiuto] → [shuːto].

    Noun[edit]

    舅(しゅうと) • (shūto) ←しうと (siuto)?

    1. a father-in-law

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    舅 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    舅: Hán Việt readings: cữu
    舅: Nôm readings: cậu, cữu

    1. Nôm form of cậu (“maternal uncle, young male master, younger male stranger”).
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