蹶

蹶 U+8E76, 蹶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E76 ← 蹵 [U+8E75] CJK Unified Ideographs 蹷 → [U+8E77]

Translingual

Han character

蹶 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 口一一廿人 (RMMTO), four-corner 6118₂, composition ⿰𧾷厥)

1. stumble, fall down
2. trample

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1233, character 41
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37880
• Dae Jaweon: page 1706, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3738, character 9
• Unihan data for U+8E76

Chinese

simp. and trad.		蹶
alternative forms		蹷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (欮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鱖	*krods, *kod
蹶	*krods, *krod, *kod
厥	*kod, *kud
欮	*kod
蕨	*kod
劂	*kod
瘚	*kod
蟨	*kod
蟩	*kod
橜	*kod, *ɡod
撅	*kod, *ɡod
闕	*kʰod
橛	*ɡod
鷢	*ɡod
蹷	*ɡod
憠	*ɡod

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jué (jue²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄝˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kyut³, gwai³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jué
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyué
    • Wade–Giles: chüeh²
    • Yale: jywé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyue
    • Palladius: цзюэ (czjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kyut³, gwai³
    • Yale: kyut, gwai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kyt⁸, gwai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: küd³, guei³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰyːt̚³/, /kʷɐi̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjwejH, kjwot, kjwet

Rime
Character	蹶	蹶	蹶
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	祭 (38)	月 (68)	薛 (84)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	居衛切	居月切	紀劣切
Baxter	kjwejH	kjwot	kjwet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiuᴇiH/	/kʉɐt̚/	/kˠiuᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚieiH/	/kʷiɐt̚/	/kʷᵚiet̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuæiH/	/kiuɐt̚/	/kiuæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjwiajH/	/kuat̚/	/kwiat̚/
Li Rong	/kjuɛiH/	/kiuɐt̚/	/kjuɛt̚/
Wang Li	/kĭwɛiH/	/kĭwɐt̚/	/kĭuɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯wɛiH/	/ki̯wɐt̚/	/ki̯wɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guì	jue	jue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai3	gyut3	gyut3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷat/

  (Zhengzhang): /*krods/, /*krod/, /*kod/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蹶
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jué
Middle Chinese	‹ kjwot ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷat/
English	stumble, fall
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蹶	蹶	蹶
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	7227	7228	7232
Phonetic component	欮	欮	欮
Rime group	祭	月	月
Rime subdivision	3	3	3
Corresponding MC rime		蹶	厥
Old Chinese	/*krods/	/*krod/	/*kod/

Definitions

蹶

1. to tumble; to fall down
2. to run
3. to fail
4. to step on; to tread on
5. rapidly; suddenly

Compounds

• 一蹶不振 (yījuébùzhèn)
• 劣蹶
• 尥蹶子 (liàojuězi)
• 屯蹶否塞
• 撩蹶子
• 痿蹶
• 直蹶蹶
• 竭蹶 (jiéjué)
• 跛蹶
• 蹶子 (juězi)
• 蹶張／蹶张
• 蹶然
• 蹶痿
• 蹶石伐木
• 蹶角
• 蹶踶
• 蹶蹄
• 蹶蹶

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): juě (jue³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄝˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: juě
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyuě
    • Wade–Giles: chüeh³
    • Yale: jywě
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeue
    • Palladius: цзюэ (czjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴/

Definitions

蹶

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guì (gui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guì
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guèi
    • Wade–Giles: kuei⁴
    • Yale: gwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guey
    • Palladius: гуй (guj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

蹶

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• “蹶”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

蹶

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. to tumble; to fall down
2. to defeat; to topple
3. to spring out

Readings

• Go-on: こち (kochi)^{←こち (koti, historical)}; け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}
• Kan-on: けつ (ketsu)^{←けつ (ketu, historical)←くゑつ (kwetu, ancient)}; けい (kei)^{←けい (kei, historical)←くゑい (kwei, ancient)}
• Kun: つまずく (tsumazuku, 蹶く); たおれる (taoreru, 蹶れる); たおす (taosu, 蹶す)

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 蹶 is mostly replaced by 決, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 蹶 replaced by daiyōji 決

決起

Compounds

• 蹶(けっ)起(き) (kekki)
• 蹶(けつ)然(ぜん) (ketsuzen)
• 一(いっ)蹶(けつ) (ikketsu)
• 困(こん)蹶(けつ) (konketsu)
• 転(てん)蹶(けつ), 顚(てん)蹶(けつ) (tenketsu)

 

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 蹶 (MC kjwot).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 궈ᇙ〮 (Yale: kwélq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 궐 (kwel)訓 (Yale: kwel) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527. Recorded as Middle Korean 궐 (kwel)訓 (Yale: kwel) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwʌ̹ɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [궐]

Hanja

Wikisource

蹶 (eumhun 넘어질 궐 (neomeojil gwol))

1. Hanja form^? of 궐 (“to stumble; to fall down”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 궐기 (蹶起, gwolgi)
• 궐연 (蹶然, gworyeon)
• 전궐 (顚蹶, jeon'gwol)
• 궐지 (蹶躓, gwolji)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 蹶 (MC kjwejH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 귕〮 (Yale: kwí) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 궤 (kwey)訓 (Yale: kwey) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwe̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [궤]

Hanja

蹶 (eumhun 움직일 궤 (umjigil gwe))

1. (literary) Hanja form^? of 궤 (“to move”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 궤궤 (蹶蹶, gwegwe)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]