과로하다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
과로(過勞) (gwaro) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkwa̠(ː)ɾo̞ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [과(ː)로하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gwarohada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gwalohada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kwarohada |
| Yale Romanization? | kwālohata |
Verb[edit]
과로하다 • (gwarohada) (infinitive 과로해 or 과로하여, sequential 과로하니)
- to overwork
Conjugation[edit]
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 과로한다 gwarohanda |
과로해 gwarohae |
과로해요 gwarohaeyo |
과로합니다 gwarohamnida |
| Past | 과로했다 gwarohaetda |
과로했어 gwarohaesseo |
과로했어요 gwarohaesseoyo |
과로했습니다 gwarohaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 과로하느냐 gwarohaneunya |
과로해 gwarohae |
과로해요 gwarohaeyo |
과로합니까 gwarohamnikka |
| Past | 과로했느냐 gwarohaenneunya |
과로했어 gwarohaesseo |
과로했어요 gwarohaesseoyo |
과로했습니까 gwarohaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 과로하자 gwarohaja |
과로해 gwarohae |
과로해요 gwarohaeyo |
과로하십시다 gwarohasipsida | |
| Imperative | 과로해라, 과로하여라 gwarohaera, gwarohayeora |
과로해 gwarohae |
과로해요 gwarohaeyo |
과로합시오 gwarohapsio | |
| Assertive | 과로하겠다 gwarohagetda |
과로하겠어 gwarohagesseo |
과로하겠어요 gwarohagesseoyo |
과로하겠습니다 gwarohagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 과로해 gwarohae |
과로해서, 과로하여서 gwarohaeseo, gwarohayeoseo |
과로하니 gwarohani |
과로하니까 gwarohanikka | |
| Contrast | 과로하지만 gwarohajiman |
과로하는데 gwarohaneunde |
과로하더니 gwarohadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 과로하고 gwarohago |
||||
| Condition | 과로하면 gwarohamyeon |
과로해야, 과로하여야 gwarohaeya, gwarohayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 과로하려고 gwaroharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 과로함 gwaroham |
과로하기 gwarohagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 과로했음, 과로하였음 gwarohaesseum, gwarohayeosseum |
과로했기, 과로하였기 gwarohaetgi, gwarohayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 과로한 gwarohan | |||
| Present | 과로하는 gwarohaneun | ||||
| Future | 과로할 gwarohal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 과로하신다 gwarohasinda |
과로하셔 gwarohasyeo |
과로하세요, 과로하셔요 gwarohaseyo, gwarohasyeoyo |
과로하십니다 gwarohasimnida |
| Past | 과로하셨다 gwarohasyeotda |
과로하셨어 gwarohasyeosseo |
과로하셨어요 gwarohasyeosseoyo |
과로하셨습니다 gwarohasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 과로하시느냐 gwarohasineunya |
과로하셔 gwarohasyeo |
과로하세요, 과로하셔요 gwarohaseyo, gwarohasyeoyo |
과로하십니까 gwarohasimnikka |
| Past | 과로하셨느냐 gwarohasyeonneunya |
과로하셨어 gwarohasyeosseo |
과로하셨어요 gwarohasyeosseoyo |
과로하셨습니까 gwarohasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 과로하시라 gwarohasira |
과로하셔 gwarohasyeo |
과로하세요 gwarohaseyo |
과로하십시오 gwarohasipsio | |
| Assertive | 과로하시겠다 gwarohasigetda |
과로하시겠어 gwarohasigesseo |
과로하시겠어요 gwarohasigesseoyo |
과로하시겠습니다 gwarohasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 과로하셔 gwarohasyeo |
과로하셔서 gwarohasyeoseo |
과로하시니 gwarohasini |
과로하시니까 gwarohasinikka | |
| Contrast | 과로하시지만 gwarohasijiman |
과로하시는데 gwarohasineunde |
과로하시더니 gwarohasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 과로하시고 gwarohasigo |
||||
| Condition | 과로하시면 gwarohasimyeon |
과로하셔야 gwarohasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 과로하시려고 gwarohasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 과로하심 gwarohasim |
과로하시기 gwarohasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 과로하셨음 gwarohasyeosseum |
과로하셨기 gwarohasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 과로하신 gwarohasin | |||
| Present | 과로하시는 gwarohasineun | ||||
| Future | 과로하실 gwarohasil | ||||