굽신거리다

Korean

Etymology

굽신 (gupsin, ideophonic root) +‎ 거리다 (-georida).

Altered from original 굽실거리다 (gupsilgeorida) due to folk etymology, which made it a compound of 굽 (gup-, “to be bent”) + 신(身) (sin, “body”, Sino-Korean morpheme). Included in the prescriptive South Korean standard in 2014.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kupɕ͈inɡʌ̹ɾida̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [굽씬거리다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gupsin'georida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gubsingeolida
McCune–Reischauer?	kupsin'gŏrida
Yale Romanization?	kwup.sinkelita

Verb

굽신거리다 • (gupsin'georida) (infinitive 굽신거려 or 굽신거리어, sequential 굽신거리니) (intransitive)

1. to bow repeatedly
2. (figurative, derogatory) to fawn, to grovel, to brown-nose

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 굽신거리다 (gupsin'georida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	굽신거린다 gupsin'georinda	굽신거려 gupsin'georyeo	굽신거려요, 굽신거리어요 gupsin'georyeoyo, gupsin'georieoyo	굽신거립니다 gupsin'georimnida
	Past	굽신거렸다 gupsin'georyeotda	굽신거렸어 gupsin'georyeosseo	굽신거렸어요 gupsin'georyeosseoyo	굽신거렸습니다 gupsin'georyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	굽신거리느냐 gupsin'georineunya	굽신거려 gupsin'georyeo	굽신거려요, 굽신거리어요 gupsin'georyeoyo, gupsin'georieoyo	굽신거립니까 gupsin'georimnikka
	Past	굽신거렸느냐 gupsin'georyeonneunya	굽신거렸어 gupsin'georyeosseo	굽신거렸어요 gupsin'georyeosseoyo	굽신거렸습니까 gupsin'georyeotseumnikka
Hortative		굽신거리자 gupsin'georija	굽신거려 gupsin'georyeo	굽신거려요, 굽신거리어요 gupsin'georyeoyo, gupsin'georieoyo	굽신거리십시다 gupsin'georisipsida
Imperative		굽신거려라, 굽신거리어라 gupsin'georyeora, gupsin'georieora	굽신거려 gupsin'georyeo	굽신거려요, 굽신거리어요 gupsin'georyeoyo, gupsin'georieoyo	굽신거립시오 gupsin'georipsio
Assertive		굽신거리겠다 gupsin'georigetda	굽신거리겠어 gupsin'georigesseo	굽신거리겠어요 gupsin'georigesseoyo	굽신거리겠습니다 gupsin'georigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		굽신거려 gupsin'georyeo	굽신거려서, 굽신거리어서 gupsin'georyeoseo, gupsin'georieoseo	굽신거리니 gupsin'georini	굽신거리니까 gupsin'georinikka
Contrast		굽신거리지만 gupsin'georijiman	굽신거리는데 gupsin'georineunde	굽신거리더니 gupsin'georideoni
Conjunction		굽신거리고 gupsin'georigo
Condition		굽신거리면 gupsin'georimyeon	굽신거려야, 굽신거리어야 gupsin'georyeoya, gupsin'georieoya
Motive		굽신거리려고 gupsin'georiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		굽신거림 gupsin'georim	굽신거리기 gupsin'georigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		굽신거렸음, 굽신거리었음 gupsin'georyeosseum, gupsin'georieosseum	굽신거렸기, 굽신거리었기 gupsin'georyeotgi, gupsin'georieotgi
Determiners	Past	굽신거린 gupsin'georin
	Present	굽신거리는 gupsin'georineun
	Future	굽신거릴 gupsin'georil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	굽신거리신다 gupsin'georisinda	굽신거리셔 gupsin'georisyeo	굽신거리세요, 굽신거리셔요 gupsin'georiseyo, gupsin'georisyeoyo	굽신거리십니다 gupsin'georisimnida
	Past	굽신거리셨다 gupsin'georisyeotda	굽신거리셨어 gupsin'georisyeosseo	굽신거리셨어요 gupsin'georisyeosseoyo	굽신거리셨습니다 gupsin'georisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	굽신거리시느냐 gupsin'georisineunya	굽신거리셔 gupsin'georisyeo	굽신거리세요, 굽신거리셔요 gupsin'georiseyo, gupsin'georisyeoyo	굽신거리십니까 gupsin'georisimnikka
	Past	굽신거리셨느냐 gupsin'georisyeonneunya	굽신거리셨어 gupsin'georisyeosseo	굽신거리셨어요 gupsin'georisyeosseoyo	굽신거리셨습니까 gupsin'georisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		굽신거리시라 gupsin'georisira	굽신거리셔 gupsin'georisyeo	굽신거리세요 gupsin'georiseyo	굽신거리십시오 gupsin'georisipsio
Assertive		굽신거리시겠다 gupsin'georisigetda	굽신거리시겠어 gupsin'georisigesseo	굽신거리시겠어요 gupsin'georisigesseoyo	굽신거리시겠습니다 gupsin'georisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		굽신거리셔 gupsin'georisyeo	굽신거리셔서 gupsin'georisyeoseo	굽신거리시니 gupsin'georisini	굽신거리시니까 gupsin'georisinikka
Contrast		굽신거리시지만 gupsin'georisijiman	굽신거리시는데 gupsin'georisineunde	굽신거리시더니 gupsin'georisideoni
Conjunction		굽신거리시고 gupsin'georisigo
Condition		굽신거리시면 gupsin'georisimyeon	굽신거리셔야 gupsin'georisyeoya
Motive		굽신거리시려고 gupsin'georisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		굽신거리심 gupsin'georisim	굽신거리시기 gupsin'georisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		굽신거리셨음 gupsin'georisyeosseum	굽신거리셨기 gupsin'georisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	굽신거리신 gupsin'georisin
	Present	굽신거리시는 gupsin'georisineun
	Future	굽신거리실 gupsin'georisil

Alternative forms

• 굽실거리다 (gupsilgeorida) — traditional form