길차다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
길 (gil-, “to be long”) + 차다 (chada, “to be full”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈki(ː)ʎt͡ɕʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [길(ː)차다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gilchada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gilchada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kilch'ada |
| Yale Romanization? | kīlchata |
Adjective[edit]
길차다 • (gilchada) (infinitive 길차, sequential 길차니)
- (dated) to be lush; to be long and thick (of plant growth)
- 1812, “Song 273”, in 청구영언 장서각본/靑丘永言藏書閣本 [Jangseogak edition of the Cheonggu yeong'eon]:
- 내 집이 길ᄎᆞ도다 杜鵑이 나제 운다 / 萬壑千峯에 외사립ᄧᅡᆨ 다ᄃᆞᄂᆞᆫ듸 / 鷄犬이 ᄒᆡ올 일 업셔 지ᄂᆞᆫ ᄒᆡ에 즛더라
- nae jib-i gilchadoda dugyeon-i naj-e unda / manhakchyeonbong-e oesaripjjak dadaneundui / gyegyeon-i haeol il eopsyeo jineun hae-e jeutdeora
- The [forest around] my house is thick; the cuckoo calls at daytime. I have closed my lone gate of twigs to the myriad gorges and thousand peaks. The roosters and dogs, having nothing else to do, cry out to the setting sun.
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the adjective 길차다 (gilchada): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 길차다 gilchada |
길차 gilcha |
길차요 gilchayo |
길찹니다 gilchamnida |
| Past | 길찼다 gilchatda |
길찼어 gilchasseo |
길찼어요 gilchasseoyo |
길찼습니다 gilchatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 길차냐 gilchanya |
길차 gilcha |
길차요 gilchayo |
길찹니까 gilchamnikka |
| Past | 길찼냐 gilchannya |
길찼어 gilchasseo |
길찼어요 gilchasseoyo |
길찼습니까 gilchatseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 길차겠다 gilchagetda |
길차겠어 gilchagesseo |
길차겠어요 gilchagesseoyo |
길차겠습니다 gilchagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 길차 gilcha |
길차서 gilchaseo |
길차니 gilchani |
길차니까 gilchanikka | |
| Contrast | 길차지만 gilchajiman |
길찬데 gilchande |
길차더니 gilchadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 길차고 gilchago |
||||
| Condition | 길차면 gilchamyeon |
길차야 gilchaya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 길참 gilcham |
길차기 gilchagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 길찼음 gilchasseum |
길찼기 gilchatgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 길찬 gilchan | |||
| Future | 길찰 gilchal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 길차시다 gilchasida |
길차셔 gilchasyeo |
길차세요, 길차셔요 gilchaseyo, gilchasyeoyo |
길차십니다 gilchasimnida |
| Past | 길차셨다 gilchasyeotda |
길차셨어 gilchasyeosseo |
길차셨어요 gilchasyeosseoyo |
길차셨습니다 gilchasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 길차시냐 gilchasinya |
길차셔 gilchasyeo |
길차세요, 길차셔요 gilchaseyo, gilchasyeoyo |
길차십니까 gilchasimnikka |
| Past | 길차셨냐 gilchasyeonnya |
길차셨어 gilchasyeosseo |
길차셨어요 gilchasyeosseoyo |
길차셨습니까 gilchasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 길차시겠다 gilchasigetda |
길차시겠어 gilchasigesseo |
길차시겠어요 gilchasigesseoyo |
길차시겠습니다 gilchasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 길차셔 gilchasyeo |
길차셔서 gilchasyeoseo |
길차시니 gilchasini |
길차시니까 gilchasinikka | |
| Contrast | 길차시지만 gilchasijiman |
길차신데 gilchasinde |
길차시더니 gilchasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 길차시고 gilchasigo |
||||
| Condition | 길차시면 gilchasimyeon |
길차셔야 gilchasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 길차심 gilchasim |
길차시기 gilchasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 길차셨음 gilchasyeosseum |
길차셨기 gilchasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 길차신 gilchasin | |||
| Future | 길차실 gilchasil | ||||