꺼리다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄭᅥ〯리다〮 (Yale: skělì-tá).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈk͈ɘ(ː)ɾida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [꺼(ː)리다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | kkeorida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | kkeolida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kkŏrida |
| Yale Romanization? | kkēlita |
Verb[edit]
꺼리다 • (kkeorida) (infinitive 꺼려 or 꺼리어, sequential 꺼리니)
- (transitive) to hesitate to do; to shy away from; to avoid
Usage notes[edit]
피(避)하다 (pihada) is also translated as "to avoid", but has a more physical sense, i.e. "to dodge".
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the verb 꺼리다 (kkeorida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 꺼린다 kkeorinda |
꺼려 kkeoryeo |
꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo |
꺼립니다 kkeorimnida |
| Past | 꺼렸다 kkeoryeotda |
꺼렸어 kkeoryeosseo |
꺼렸어요 kkeoryeosseoyo |
꺼렸습니다 kkeoryeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 꺼리느냐 kkeorineunya |
꺼려 kkeoryeo |
꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo |
꺼립니까 kkeorimnikka |
| Past | 꺼렸느냐 kkeoryeonneunya |
꺼렸어 kkeoryeosseo |
꺼렸어요 kkeoryeosseoyo |
꺼렸습니까 kkeoryeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 꺼리자 kkeorija |
꺼려 kkeoryeo |
꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo |
꺼리십시다 kkeorisipsida | |
| Imperative | 꺼려라, 꺼리어라 kkeoryeora, kkeorieora |
꺼려 kkeoryeo |
꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo |
꺼립시오 kkeoripsio | |
| Assertive | 꺼리겠다 kkeorigetda |
꺼리겠어 kkeorigesseo |
꺼리겠어요 kkeorigesseoyo |
꺼리겠습니다 kkeorigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 꺼려 kkeoryeo |
꺼려서, 꺼리어서 kkeoryeoseo, kkeorieoseo |
꺼리니 kkeorini |
꺼리니까 kkeorinikka | |
| Contrast | 꺼리지만 kkeorijiman |
꺼리는데 kkeorineunde |
꺼리더니 kkeorideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 꺼리고 kkeorigo |
||||
| Condition | 꺼리면 kkeorimyeon |
꺼려야, 꺼리어야 kkeoryeoya, kkeorieoya |
|||
| Motive | 꺼리려고 kkeoriryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 꺼림 kkeorim |
꺼리기 kkeorigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 꺼렸음, 꺼리었음 kkeoryeosseum, kkeorieosseum |
꺼렸기, 꺼리었기 kkeoryeotgi, kkeorieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 꺼린 kkeorin | |||
| Present | 꺼리는 kkeorineun | ||||
| Future | 꺼릴 kkeoril | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 꺼리신다 kkeorisinda |
꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo |
꺼리세요, 꺼리셔요 kkeoriseyo, kkeorisyeoyo |
꺼리십니다 kkeorisimnida |
| Past | 꺼리셨다 kkeorisyeotda |
꺼리셨어 kkeorisyeosseo |
꺼리셨어요 kkeorisyeosseoyo |
꺼리셨습니다 kkeorisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 꺼리시느냐 kkeorisineunya |
꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo |
꺼리세요, 꺼리셔요 kkeoriseyo, kkeorisyeoyo |
꺼리십니까 kkeorisimnikka |
| Past | 꺼리셨느냐 kkeorisyeonneunya |
꺼리셨어 kkeorisyeosseo |
꺼리셨어요 kkeorisyeosseoyo |
꺼리셨습니까 kkeorisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 꺼리시라 kkeorisira |
꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo |
꺼리세요 kkeoriseyo |
꺼리십시오 kkeorisipsio | |
| Assertive | 꺼리시겠다 kkeorisigetda |
꺼리시겠어 kkeorisigesseo |
꺼리시겠어요 kkeorisigesseoyo |
꺼리시겠습니다 kkeorisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo |
꺼리셔서 kkeorisyeoseo |
꺼리시니 kkeorisini |
꺼리시니까 kkeorisinikka | |
| Contrast | 꺼리시지만 kkeorisijiman |
꺼리시는데 kkeorisineunde |
꺼리시더니 kkeorisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 꺼리시고 kkeorisigo |
||||
| Condition | 꺼리시면 kkeorisimyeon |
꺼리셔야 kkeorisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 꺼리시려고 kkeorisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 꺼리심 kkeorisim |
꺼리시기 kkeorisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 꺼리셨음 kkeorisyeosseum |
꺼리셨기 kkeorisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 꺼리신 kkeorisin | |||
| Present | 꺼리시는 kkeorisineun | ||||
| Future | 꺼리실 kkeorisil | ||||
Derived terms[edit]
- 꺼림칙하다 (kkeorimchikhada, “to be uncanny”)