섬기다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 셤기〮다〮 (Yale: syèmkí-tá).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰʌ̹mɡida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [섬기다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | seomgida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | seomgida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sŏmgida |
| Yale Romanization? | semkita |
Verb[edit]
섬기다 • (seomgida) (infinitive 섬겨 or 섬기어, sequential 섬기니) (transitive)
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the verb 섬기다 (seomgida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 섬긴다 seomginda |
섬겨 seomgyeo |
섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo |
섬깁니다 seomgimnida |
| Past | 섬겼다 seomgyeotda |
섬겼어 seomgyeosseo |
섬겼어요 seomgyeosseoyo |
섬겼습니다 seomgyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 섬기느냐 seomgineunya |
섬겨 seomgyeo |
섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo |
섬깁니까 seomgimnikka |
| Past | 섬겼느냐 seomgyeonneunya |
섬겼어 seomgyeosseo |
섬겼어요 seomgyeosseoyo |
섬겼습니까 seomgyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 섬기자 seomgija |
섬겨 seomgyeo |
섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo |
섬기십시다 seomgisipsida | |
| Imperative | 섬겨라, 섬기어라 seomgyeora, seomgieora |
섬겨 seomgyeo |
섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo |
섬깁시오 seomgipsio | |
| Assertive | 섬기겠다 seomgigetda |
섬기겠어 seomgigesseo |
섬기겠어요 seomgigesseoyo |
섬기겠습니다 seomgigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 섬겨 seomgyeo |
섬겨서, 섬기어서 seomgyeoseo, seomgieoseo |
섬기니 seomgini |
섬기니까 seomginikka | |
| Contrast | 섬기지만 seomgijiman |
섬기는데 seomgineunde |
섬기더니 seomgideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 섬기고 seomgigo |
||||
| Condition | 섬기면 seomgimyeon |
섬겨야, 섬기어야 seomgyeoya, seomgieoya |
|||
| Motive | 섬기려고 seomgiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 섬김 seomgim |
섬기기 seomgigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 섬겼음, 섬기었음 seomgyeosseum, seomgieosseum |
섬겼기, 섬기었기 seomgyeotgi, seomgieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 섬긴 seomgin | |||
| Present | 섬기는 seomgineun | ||||
| Future | 섬길 seomgil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 섬기신다 seomgisinda |
섬기셔 seomgisyeo |
섬기세요, 섬기셔요 seomgiseyo, seomgisyeoyo |
섬기십니다 seomgisimnida |
| Past | 섬기셨다 seomgisyeotda |
섬기셨어 seomgisyeosseo |
섬기셨어요 seomgisyeosseoyo |
섬기셨습니다 seomgisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 섬기시느냐 seomgisineunya |
섬기셔 seomgisyeo |
섬기세요, 섬기셔요 seomgiseyo, seomgisyeoyo |
섬기십니까 seomgisimnikka |
| Past | 섬기셨느냐 seomgisyeonneunya |
섬기셨어 seomgisyeosseo |
섬기셨어요 seomgisyeosseoyo |
섬기셨습니까 seomgisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 섬기시라 seomgisira |
섬기셔 seomgisyeo |
섬기세요 seomgiseyo |
섬기십시오 seomgisipsio | |
| Assertive | 섬기시겠다 seomgisigetda |
섬기시겠어 seomgisigesseo |
섬기시겠어요 seomgisigesseoyo |
섬기시겠습니다 seomgisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 섬기셔 seomgisyeo |
섬기셔서 seomgisyeoseo |
섬기시니 seomgisini |
섬기시니까 seomgisinikka | |
| Contrast | 섬기시지만 seomgisijiman |
섬기시는데 seomgisineunde |
섬기시더니 seomgisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 섬기시고 seomgisigo |
||||
| Condition | 섬기시면 seomgisimyeon |
섬기셔야 seomgisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 섬기시려고 seomgisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 섬기심 seomgisim |
섬기시기 seomgisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 섬기셨음 seomgisyeosseum |
섬기셨기 seomgisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 섬기신 seomgisin | |||
| Present | 섬기시는 seomgisineun | ||||
| Future | 섬기실 seomgisil | ||||
Derived terms[edit]
- 단골섬김 (dan'golseomgim)