숨쉬다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
숨 (sum, “breath”) + 쉬다 (swida, “to breathe”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈsʰu(ː)mʃʰɥida̠] ~ [ˈsʰu(ː)mʃʰyda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [숨(ː)쉬다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | sumswida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | sumswida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sumshwida |
| Yale Romanization? | swūmswita |
Verb[edit]
숨쉬다 • (sumswida) (infinitive 숨쉬어, sequential 숨쉬니)
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the verb 숨쉬다 (sumswida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 숨쉰다 sumswinda |
숨쉬어 sumswieo |
숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo |
숨쉽니다 sumswimnida |
| Past | 숨쉬었다 sumswieotda |
숨쉬었어 sumswieosseo |
숨쉬었어요 sumswieosseoyo |
숨쉬었습니다 sumswieotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 숨쉬느냐 sumswineunya |
숨쉬어 sumswieo |
숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo |
숨쉽니까 sumswimnikka |
| Past | 숨쉬었느냐 sumswieonneunya |
숨쉬었어 sumswieosseo |
숨쉬었어요 sumswieosseoyo |
숨쉬었습니까 sumswieotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 숨쉬자 sumswija |
숨쉬어 sumswieo |
숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo |
숨쉬십시다 sumswisipsida | |
| Imperative | 숨쉬어라 sumswieora |
숨쉬어 sumswieo |
숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo |
숨쉽시오 sumswipsio | |
| Assertive | 숨쉬겠다 sumswigetda |
숨쉬겠어 sumswigesseo |
숨쉬겠어요 sumswigesseoyo |
숨쉬겠습니다 sumswigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 숨쉬어 sumswieo |
숨쉬어서 sumswieoseo |
숨쉬니 sumswini |
숨쉬니까 sumswinikka | |
| Contrast | 숨쉬지만 sumswijiman |
숨쉬는데 sumswineunde |
숨쉬더니 sumswideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 숨쉬고 sumswigo |
||||
| Condition | 숨쉬면 sumswimyeon |
숨쉬어야 sumswieoya |
|||
| Motive | 숨쉬려고 sumswiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 숨쉼 sumswim |
숨쉬기 sumswigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 숨쉬었음 sumswieosseum |
숨쉬었기 sumswieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 숨쉰 sumswin | |||
| Present | 숨쉬는 sumswineun | ||||
| Future | 숨쉴 sumswil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 숨쉬신다 sumswisinda |
숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo |
숨쉬세요, 숨쉬셔요 sumswiseyo, sumswisyeoyo |
숨쉬십니다 sumswisimnida |
| Past | 숨쉬셨다 sumswisyeotda |
숨쉬셨어 sumswisyeosseo |
숨쉬셨어요 sumswisyeosseoyo |
숨쉬셨습니다 sumswisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 숨쉬시느냐 sumswisineunya |
숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo |
숨쉬세요, 숨쉬셔요 sumswiseyo, sumswisyeoyo |
숨쉬십니까 sumswisimnikka |
| Past | 숨쉬셨느냐 sumswisyeonneunya |
숨쉬셨어 sumswisyeosseo |
숨쉬셨어요 sumswisyeosseoyo |
숨쉬셨습니까 sumswisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 숨쉬시라 sumswisira |
숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo |
숨쉬세요 sumswiseyo |
숨쉬십시오 sumswisipsio | |
| Assertive | 숨쉬시겠다 sumswisigetda |
숨쉬시겠어 sumswisigesseo |
숨쉬시겠어요 sumswisigesseoyo |
숨쉬시겠습니다 sumswisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo |
숨쉬셔서 sumswisyeoseo |
숨쉬시니 sumswisini |
숨쉬시니까 sumswisinikka | |
| Contrast | 숨쉬시지만 sumswisijiman |
숨쉬시는데 sumswisineunde |
숨쉬시더니 sumswisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 숨쉬시고 sumswisigo |
||||
| Condition | 숨쉬시면 sumswisimyeon |
숨쉬셔야 sumswisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 숨쉬시려고 sumswisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 숨쉬심 sumswisim |
숨쉬시기 sumswisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 숨쉬셨음 sumswisyeosseum |
숨쉬셨기 sumswisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 숨쉬신 sumswisin | |||
| Present | 숨쉬시는 sumswisineun | ||||
| Future | 숨쉬실 sumswisil | ||||