𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍃 (frisahts) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈfrisahtjan/

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (gafrisahtjan)

1. to engrave
   • 2 Corinthians 3:7:

     𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌱𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌼 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌲, 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍂𐌰𐌴𐌻𐌹𐍃 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌳𐌿 𐍅𐌻𐌹𐍄𐌰 𐌼𐍉𐍃𐌴𐌶𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐍅𐌻𐌹𐍄𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃

     aþþan jabai andbahti dauþaus in gamēleinim gafrisahtiþ in stainam warþ wulþag, swaei ni mahtēdeina sunjus israēlis fairweitjan du wlita mōsēzis in wulþaus wlitis is þis gataurnandins

     But if the ministration of death, written and engraven in stones, was glorious, so that the children of Israel could not stedfastly behold the face of Moses for the glory of his countenance; which glory was to be done away (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 gafrisahtjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰 gafrisahtja	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 gafrisahtida	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gafrisahtjada
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 gafrisahteis	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 gafrisahtidēs	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 gafrisahtjaza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 gafrisahteiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 gafrisahtida	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gafrisahtjada
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃 gafrisahtjōs	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 gafrisahtidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gafrisahtjats	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 gafrisahtidēduts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌼 gafrisahtjam	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 gafrisahtidēdum	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gafrisahtjanda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 gafrisahteiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 gafrisahtidēduþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gafrisahtjanda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 gafrisahtjand	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 gafrisahtidēdun	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gafrisahtjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjau	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtidēdjau	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjaidau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 gafrisahtjais	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 gafrisahtidēdeis	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjaizau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹 gafrisahtjai	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 gafrisahtidēdi	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjaidau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gafrisahtjaiwa	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gafrisahtidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gafrisahtjaits	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gafrisahtidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gafrisahtjaima	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gafrisahtidēdeima	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjaindau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 gafrisahtjaiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 gafrisahtidēdeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjaindau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gafrisahtjaina	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gafrisahtidēdeina	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹 gafrisahtei
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjadau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gafrisahtjats
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 gafrisahteiþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafrisahtjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gafrisahtjands	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌸𐍃 gafrisahtiþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 39