πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From *πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πƒ (*swΔ“gns) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan). Closely related to Old English swΔ“Δ‘an and to Proto-Germanic *swōganΔ… (β€œto resound”), which is attested in Gothic in various affixed forms such as πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ…π‰πŒ²πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ (gaswōgjan).

Verb[edit]

πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (swΔ“gnjan)

  1. to exult, triumph

Conjugation[edit]

A variant form with short vowel -i- instead of -Δ“- is attested in the infinitive and in the inflected form πƒπ…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ (swignjaiΓΎ). Furthermore, a variant form πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ³ (swΔ“gneid) is attested.

Class 1 weak
Infinitive πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
swΔ“gnjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°
swΔ“gnja 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnida 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjada
2nd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
swΔ“gneis 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“s 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
swΔ“gnjaza
3rd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gneiΓΎ 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnida 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjada
1st dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπ‰πƒ
swΔ“gnjōs 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
swΔ“gnidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
swΔ“gnjats 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
swΔ“gnjam 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
swΔ“gnidΔ“dum 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjanda
2nd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gneiΓΎ 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
swΔ“gnidΔ“duΓΎ 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjanda
3rd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
swΔ“gnjand 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
swΔ“gnidΔ“dun 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
swΔ“gnjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjau 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnidΔ“djau 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaidau
2nd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
swΔ“gnjais 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“deis 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaizau
3rd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
swΔ“gnjai 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
swΔ“gnidΔ“di 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaidau
1st dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
swΔ“gnjaiwa 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
swΔ“gnidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
swΔ“gnjaits 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
swΔ“gnidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
swΔ“gnjaima 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
swΔ“gnidΔ“deima 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaindau
2nd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gnjaiΓΎ 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gnidΔ“deiΓΎ 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaindau
3rd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
swΔ“gnjaina 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
swΔ“gnidΔ“deina 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉ
swΔ“gnei
3rd singular πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjadau
2nd dual πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
swΔ“gnjats
2nd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
swΔ“gneiΓΎ
3rd plural πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
swΔ“gnjandau
Present Past
Participles πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
swΔ“gnjands 		πƒπ…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ½πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
swΔ“gniΓΎs

Related terms[edit]

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