Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷétu
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From *gʷet- (“resin, gum”) + *-u.
Noun[edit]
Inflection[edit]
| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *gʷétu | ||
| genitive | *gʷtéws | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *gʷétu | *gʷétwih₁ | *gʷétuh₂ |
| vocative | *gʷétu | *gʷétwih₁ | *gʷétuh₂ |
| accusative | *gʷétu | *gʷétwih₁ | *gʷétuh₂ |
| genitive | *gʷtéws | *? | *gʷtéwoHom |
| ablative | *gʷtéws | *? | *gʷtúmos |
| dative | *gʷtéwey | *? | *gʷtúmos |
| locative | *gʷtéw, *gʷtéwi | *? | *gʷtúsu |
| instrumental | *gʷtúh₁ | *? | *gʷtúmis |
Derived terms[edit]
- *gʷétw-ih₂ ~ *gʷtu-yéh₂
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Celtic: *betu (“birch”)[4][2]
- Proto-Germanic: *kweduz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *gʷetu
- Osco-Umbrian:
- →⇒ Latin: bitūmen (see there for further descendants)
- Osco-Umbrian:
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰátu (see there for further descendants)
Further reading[edit]
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “jatu-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 565: “Idg. *gu̯etu-,”
References[edit]
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “pei̯(ə)- pī̆- ,”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 480
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2017–2018) “Chapter XI: Celtic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Celtic, page 1256: “*gu̯et-u-”
- ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “*keč‘i”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 358
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*betu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 64-65: “GAUL: *betyo-”