Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/(h)rabā́š

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Uncertain; from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)rabʰā́ćš ~ *(s)rabʰaćás, from *(s)rabʰ- +‎ *-ā́ćš (animal and plant suffix), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)rā́ps ~ *(s)rabʰ-és (“turnip, rape”), perhaps borrowed from a substrate language. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to slurp”).

Noun

*(h)rabā́š ~ *(h)rabacáh m

1. rhubarb
2. fennel

Related terms

• *(h)rábnah (< *(s)rábʰnas)
  • Yagnobi: рена (réna), ренна (rénna, “rhubarb”)

Descendants

• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Yagnobi: роба (rōbá), роwа (rōwá, “fennell”)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Pashto: رواش (rawā́š, “rhubarb”)
  • Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
    • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (rov, “rhubarb”)
    • Sanglechi: [script needed] (rūv, “rhubarb”)
  • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *rǣw (“rhubarb”)
    • Proto-Munji-Yidgha: *rīw
      • Munji: [script needed] (rīf)
      • Yidgha: [script needed] (rīv)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *rǣw
      • Shughni: рӣв (rīv)
      • Yazghulami: [script needed] (rev, “type of edible thick stemmed plant”)
      • ⇒ Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *rǣwičak (+ *-ič + *-ak)
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *rǣwcak, *rǣwjak
          • Shughni: рeвцак (revcak, “plant resembling Ferula kokanica, but with a rosette of leaves and no fruits”) (Khufi), ре̂вjак (rêvjak), рeвцак (revcak, “inedible mountain grass”) (Khughni)
        • Yazghulami: равҷаг (ravǰag, “rhubarb”)
          • → Shughni: рав̌ҷакв̌ох̌ (rawǰakwōx̌), ривсeкв̌ох̌ (rivsekwōx̌, “willow herb, sp. Chamaenerion angustifolium”) (Roshani) (+ в̌ох̌ (wōx̌, “root”))
        • → Uzbek: ravoch
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: رواش (rawāš, “rhubarb”)
  • Northern Kurdish: ribêz, rêvas, rêwaz (“rhubarb”)

    Central Kurdish: ڕێواس (rêwas)

    Northern Kurdish: rêwas, rêvaz

  • Zazaki: rıbês (“rhubarb”)
  • → Khowar: [script needed] (riwiṣ̌)
  • → Middle Persian: *rebāz
    • Persian: ریواج (rivâj), ریباج (ribâj)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: *rabaθah
    • Middle Persian:

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (lypʾs /⁠rēbās, rēbāh⁠/)

      • Classical Persian: ریباس (ribâs)
        • Dari: رو (raw) (dialectal, Badakhshi)
        • Iranian Persian: ریواس (rivâs), ریباس (ribâs)
        • Tajik:

          Darvazi: ров (rov), рова (rova, “Ferula grigoriewii”)

          Tajik: ров (rov, “rhubarb”)

          • → Shughni:

            Khufi: rūv, rūw (“Ferula kokanica”)

            Khughni: rōv (“Ferula assa-foetida”)

            Roshani: rův

        • → Arabic: رِيبَاس (rībās) (see there for further descendants)
        • → Classical Syriac: ܪܝܒܣ (rybs, “rhubarb”)
      • ⇒ Middle Persian: *rēwand
        • Classical Persian: ریوند (rāwand, revand, riwand)
          • → Arabic: رَاوَنْد (rāwand), رِوَنْد (riwand), رِيوَنْد (rīwand)
          • → Middle Armenian: ռաւանդ (ṙawand), ռեւանդ (ṙewand), ըռեւանդ (əṙewand), ըրեւանդ (ərewand), ռաւանդիսենի (ṙawandiseni), ռեւանդսենի (ṙewandseni),
          • → Kipchak: [script needed] (rauand)
            • Tatar: ravan, rāuan
          • → Ottoman Turkish: راوند (ravend)
            • Turkish: ravent
            • → Armenian: ռավենտ (ṙavent)
            • → Greek: ραβέντι (ravénti), ρεβέντι (revénti)
            • → Romanian: revent
            • → Russian: реве́нь (revénʹ)
            • → Ukrainian: ре́вінь (révinʹ)
            • → Uzbek: revand
        • → Ancient Greek: ῥῆον (rhêon) [50-70 CE, Dioscorides], ῥᾶ (rhâ, “rhubarb”) [129-210 CE, Galenus] (< earlier *rewon)
        • → Classical Syriac: ܪܐܘܢܕ (rʾwnd), ܪܝܘܢܕ (rywnd), ܪܘܢܕ (rwnd), ܪܐܘܢ (rʾwn), ܪܝܘܢ (rywn, “rhubarb”)
    • →? Ancient Greek: λάπαθον (lápathon), λάπαθος (lápathos, “monk's rhubarb, Rumex acetosa”) [550-460 BCE, Epicharmos; 371-287 BCE, Theophrastus]
      • →? Albanian: lëpjetë (or via Latin)
      • → Latin: lapathum
• →? Proto-Slavic: *loboda (see there for further descendants)
• →? Proto-Turkic: *alabuda (see there for further descendants)