Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-akъ
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Proto-Slavic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Deverbal derivations are easily secondary, motivated by parallel formations, e.g.
- North Slavic *ědakъ (“greedy man”) ← *est < *ed-ti (“to eat”) : *ěda (“food”).
Comparison with cognates in other Indo-European languages indicates antiquity of deadjectival formations:
- Ancient Greek νέος (néos, “new, young”) → νέᾱξ (néāx), νέᾱκος (néākos, “young man”) : Slavic *novъ (“new”) → *novakъ (“novice”)
- Lithuanian naũjas (“new”) → naujõkas (“novice”)
Cognate with Proto-Celtic *-ākos (see Etymology 2).
Suffix[edit]
*-akъ m
- Deadjectival, forming nouns denoting a carrier of a property.
- Denominal, forming nouns denoting something connected in meaning to the base-word.
- Denominal, forming masculine counterparts of feminine nouns.
- Deverbal, from the root, forming agent nouns.
Declension[edit]
Declension of *-akъ (hard o-stem)
Alternative forms[edit]
- *-jakъ (causing iotation of the preceding consonant)
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Yiddish:
- Yiddish: ־אַק (-ak)
Further reading[edit]
- Šekli, Matej (2012) “Besedotvorni pomeni samostalniških izpeljank v praslovanščini”, in Philological Studies[1] (in Slovene), volume 10, number 1, Skopje, Perm, Ljubljana, Zagreb, pages 115–32
- Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “*-akъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 89