Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rъzati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Perhaps, from Proto-Indo-European *rewǵ-.

According to Vasmer, cognate with Latin rū̆giō.

Verb

*rъzati

1. to neigh

Conjugation

Conjugation of *rъzati, *rъza, *rъžetь (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*rъzanьje	*rъzati	*rъzatъ	*rъzalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*rъzanъ	*rъžemъ
Active	*rъzavъ	*rъžę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*rъzaxъ	*rъza	*rъza	*rъžǫ	*rъžeši	*rъžetь
Dual	*rъzaxově	*rъzasta	*rъzaste	*rъževě	*rъžeta	*rъžete
Plural	*rъzaxomъ	*rъzaste	*rъzašę	*rъžemъ	*rъžete	*rъžǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*rъzaaxъ	*rъzaaše	*rъzaaše	—	*rъži	*rъži
Dual	*rъzaaxově	*rъzaašeta	*rъzaašete	*rъživě	*rъžita	—
Plural	*rъzaaxomъ	*rъzaašete	*rъzaaxǫ	*rъžimъ	*rъžite	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ръзати (rŭzati), ръжати (rŭžati)
    • Old Ruthenian: ржа́ти (ržáti), рза́ти (rzáti)
      • Belarusian: ржаць (ržacʹ), рзаць (rzacʹ), іржа́ць (iržácʹ), ірза́ць (irzácʹ)
      • Ukrainian: ржа́ти (ržáty), іржа́ти (iržáty), иржа́ти (yržáty)
    • Russian: ржать (ržatʹ), иржа́ть (iržátʹ), ирза́ть (irzátʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:
    • Serbian Church Slavonic: ръзати (rŭzati)
  • Bulgarian: ръжа́ (rǎžá) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: ’ржи (’rži)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: рзати

    Latin script: rzati

  • Slovene: rzáti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: rzáti, hrzati, ržáti
    • Czech: ržát
  • Polish: rżać, rżeć
  • Slovak: hržаť, hrzаť, erdžať

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1972) “ржать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Муза – Сят), Moscow: Progress, page 480
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “іржа́ць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 397
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “іржати”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 316