Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/oŋurtka

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *oŋur- (“to crush, break off”) +‎ *-tka.

Noun

*oŋurtka (Common Turkic)

1. (anatomy) spine, backbone

Declension

Declension of *oŋurtka (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural2)
nominative	*oŋurtka	*oŋurtkalar
accusative
genitive	*oŋurtkanïŋ	*oŋurtkalarnïŋ
dative	*oŋurtkaka	*oŋurtkalarka
locative	*oŋurtkada	*oŋurtkalarda
ablative	*oŋurtkadan	*oŋurtkalardan
instrumental1)		*oŋurtkalarïn
equative1)	*oŋurtkača	*oŋurtkalarča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Karluk
  • Uzbek: umurtqa
  • Uyghur: ئومۇرتقا (omurtqa)
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: onurğa
    • Ottoman Turkish: اوكورغه (oŋurɣa)
      • Turkish: omurga
  • Turkmen: oňurga
• Kypchak
  • North Kypchak
    • Bashkir: умыртҡа (umırtqa)
    • Tatar: умыртка (umırtka)
  • East Kypchak
    • Kyrgyz: омуртка (omurtka)
    • Southern Altai: омуртка (omurtka)
  • South Kypchak
    • Karakalpak: омыртқа/omırtqa
    • Kazakh: омыртқа (omyrtqa)
• Siberian:
  • North Siberian
    • Yakut: уорҕа (uorğa)
  • Southern Siberian
    • Khakas: орха (orxa), омыртха (omırtxa) (dialectal)
    • Tuvan: оорга (oorga)
    • Shor: оортқа

References

• Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) “оңуртқа”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, pages 463-464