Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/toŋuz
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic[edit]
Alternative reconstructions[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Possibly from earlier *tonkuz,[2] a derivation of *tonk- with unclear meaning and a suffix[2] If the word was present in Proto-Bulgaric (Oghuric), the form *toŋuŕ could be reconstructed. However, no form that can be traced back to Proto-Bulgaric (via cognates in e.g. Chuvash or Hungarian) is attested.
Vovin (2011:260-263) speculates on a link among Common Turkic *toŋuz, Old Chinese 豚 (OC *duːn, “piglet”), and Middle Korean 돝 (twòth, “pig”).[3]
Noun[edit]
*toŋuz
Declension[edit]
Declension of *toŋuz (Common Turkic)
| singular | plural2) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | *toŋuz | *toŋuzlar |
| accusative | ||
| genitive | *toŋuznïŋ | *toŋuzlarnïŋ |
| dative | *toŋuzka | *toŋuzlarka |
| locative | *toŋuzda | *toŋuzlarda |
| ablative | *toŋuzdan | *toŋuzlardan |
| instrumental1) | *toŋuzlarïn | |
| equative1) | *toŋuzča | *toŋuzlarča |
1)The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
2)This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2)This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants[edit]
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: tongquz
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
- East Kipchak:
- Siberian:
References[edit]
- ^ Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)[1] (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 585-586
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Sevortjan, E. V. (1980) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Nauka, page 267
- ^ Vovin, Alexander (2011) “First and second person singular pronouns: a pillar or a pillory of the ‘Altaic’ hypothesis?”, in Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları[2], volume 21, number 2, pages 251-278
- ^ Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume II, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 824
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “toŋuz”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 527
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*doŋuŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill