Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/knukil

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *knukilaz. Equivalent to *knokō +‎ *-il.

Noun

*knukil m

1. knuckle, joint, small bone

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*knukil
Genitive	*knukilas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*knukil	*knukilō, *knukilōs
Accusative	*knukil	*knukilā
Genitive	*knukilas	*knukilō
Dative	*knukilē	*knukilum
Instrumental	*knukilu	*knukilum

Descendants

• Old English: cnucel, cnyċel, *cnocel
  • Middle English: knokel, knokelle, knokill, knokyl, knokylle
    • English: knuckle
    • Scots: knockle
    • Yola: noughel
• Old Frisian: knokel
  • Saterland Frisian: Knouel
  • West Frisian: knokkel
• Old Saxon: *knukil
  • Middle Low German: knö̂kel, knuckel
    • Dutch Low Saxon:

      Twents: knökel

    • German Low German:

      Altmärkisch: Knäöw'l

      Westphalian:

      Dortmunder: Knüakel

      Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Knökel

      Sauerländisch: Knüekel, Knöekel (Balve), Knǖkel (Niedersfeld), Knüökel (Attendorn), Kniäkel (Kirchhundem, Selbecke)

    • → Danish: knogle
• Old Dutch: *knukil
  • Middle Dutch: cnôkel, cnockel
    • Dutch: knokkel, kneukel
    • West Flemish: knekel
• Old High German: *knuchil
  • Middle High German: knöchel
    • German: Knöchel (ankle, knuckle)
    • Hunsrik: Knechel
    • Luxembourgish: Knéchel
    • Yiddish: קנעכל (knekhl)