Talk:أب
"This word has the irregular vocative forms أَبَتَ & أَبَتِ" What does this mean? References? Backinstadiums (talk) 10:04, 30 November 2016 (UTC)
- @Backinstadiums: From the entry for أَبٌ in Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon (under the root ابو), starting from the bottom of the middle column of page 11:
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You say also, يَا أَبَتِ [meaning O my father], (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) as in يَا أَبَتِ ٱفْعَلْ [O my father, do thou such a thing]; (Ṣ;) and يَا أَبَتَ; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and يَا أَبَتُ; (Z in the Ksh xii. 4;) and يَا أَبَهْ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) when you pause after it. The ة, [here written ت,] (Kh, M,) the sign of the fem. gender, (Ṣ, Z,) is substituted for the [pronominal] affix ى, (kh, Ṣ, M, Z,) as in يَا أُمَّتِ; (Ṣ;) and is like the ة in عَمَّةٌ and خَالَةٌ, as is shown by your saying, in pausing, يَا أَبَهْ, like as you say, يَا خَالَهْ: (Kh, M:) the annexing of the fem. ت to a masc. noun in this case is allowable, like as it is in حَمَامَةٌ ذَكَرٌ and شَاةٌ ذَكَرٌ and رَجُلٌ رَبْعَةٌ and غُلَامٌ يَفَعَةٌ: its being made a substitute for the affix ى is allowable because each of these is an augmentative added at the end of a noun: and the kesreh is the same that is in the phrase يَا أَبِى: (Z ubi suprà:) the ت does not fall from اب in the phrase يَا أَبَتِ when there is no pause after it, though it [sometimes] does from أُمّ in the like phrase in that case, because the former word, being of [only] two letters, is as though it were defective. (Ṣ.) يَا أَبَتَ is for يَا أَبَتَاهْ, (Aboo-’Othmán El-Mázinee, Ṣ,* M, [the latter expression mentioned also in the Ḳ, but not as being the original of the former,]) the ا [and ه] being suppressed; (the same Aboo-’Othmán and M;) or for يَا أَبَتَا, the ا being suppressed, like as the ى is in يَا غُلَام; or it may be after the manner of يَا أَبِىَ. (Z ubi suprà.) يَا أَبَتُ is thus pronounced after the usual manner of a noun ending with the fem. ة, without regard to the fact that the ت is in the former a substitute for the suffix ى. (Z ubi suprà.) يَا أَبَهْ is said in a case of pause, except in the Ḳur-án, in which, in this case, you say, يَا أَبَتْ, following the written text; and some of the Arabs pronounce the fem. ة, in a case of pause, ت [in other instances], thus saying يَا طَلْحَتْ. (Ṣ.) يَا أَبَاهْ is also said; (M, Ḳ;) though scarecely ever. (M.) A poet uses the expression يَا أَبَاتَ for يَا أَبَاهْ: (Ṣ, M:) IB says that this is used only by poetic license, in a case of necessity in verse. (TA.) |