Talk:hazudik

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Latest comment: 3 years ago by Panda10 in topic Verbal noun
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Verbal noun[edit]

@Adam78: I think the comment "The form hazudás is practically non-existent" is not quite correct. This word does exist and is used. I added several quotations to prove it. The word hazugság is the lie itself, while hazudás is the act/process/habit of not saying the truth. So this is the actual verbal noun and not hazugság. Can you point me to your source where your statements come from and I can look them up? Panda10 (talk) 18:28, 19 November 2020 (UTC)Reply

@Panda10 To check if a term has a verbal noun sense, we need to find a context that specifies its meaning as required. In this case, közben (during) seems to be suited for this purpose because it is typically used with verbal nouns (úszás közben, éneklés közben etc.). If you try looking up the phrase "hazugság közben" in Google, you get 1,840 hits, while "hazudás közben" gives 152 hits. If you visit the subsequent pages, you'll find 147 for the first search and 43 for the second (probably after some filtering by Google). – I also checked Magyar Nemzeti Szövegtár, and it supplied 20 hits for "hazugság közben" (though with some repetition) and zero hits for "hazudás közben".

There is another thing I'd like to call your attention to, named lexikai akadályozás. (I linked Strukturális magyar nyelvtan III., Morfológia, chapter 3.7.). I hope I'm allowed to copy this short passage from the volume:

3.7. A lexikai akadályozás
Sok esetben egy-egy termékeny képzési szabály azért nem alkalmazható, mert a szótárban már létező szó a képzést megakadályozza (vö. 3.3.). A létező szó lehet tőszó, de többnyire inkább vagy korábban termékeny, de jelenleg már nem produktív képzésnek, vagy pedig rivális képzési szabálynak az eredménye. Íme néhány példa:
(a) A szabályos szeretés, gyűlölés, félés, hívés, álmodás szavakat azért nem képezzük, mert a szótárban már létezik a szeretet, gyűlölet, félelem, hit, álom szó. (b) Nincs szorgalmasság, egészségesség, bánatosság, mert már van szorgalom, egészség, bánat. (c) A teniszes, diszkoszos, gerelyes, kenyeres, húsos főneveket nem képezzük, mert a szótár már tartalmazza a teniszező, diszkoszvető, gerelyvető, pék, hentes szavakat.
Amikor egy már létező szó akadályozza meg a szabályos változat létrejöttét, lexikai akadályozásról (’lexical blocking’) beszélünk.

(Compare Blocking (linguistics) in Wikipedia.) Nevertheless, "practically non-existent" may have been an exaggeration on my behalf (I'm sorry and thank you for the quotes). We could say "rare", but I still believe we should keep hazugság as the primary verbal noun in the conjugation table (with a note to the -ás/-és form), and do the same in the case of other similar (verbal) nouns, like those under (a) above. Is this OK? Adam78 (talk) 19:20, 19 November 2020 (UTC)Reply

@Adam78 I have a hard time accepting hazugság as a verbal noun. It is derived from the adjective hazug with the suffix -ság. Verbal nouns are derived from verbs, that's why they are called verbal. Would you consider betegség a verbal noun just because betegség közben returns Google hits? Hungarian dictionaries define hazugság as an untrue, false statement and not as the process/act/habit of lying. Panda10 (talk) 19:14, 20 November 2020 (UTC)Reply

@Panda10 Betegség refers to a state and I don't see what would be the related verb. What may matter here more is the ratio of the two (the number of "hazudás" phrases as compared to the number of "hazugság" phrases). Belonging to a part of speech is a matter of morphology, determining what suffixes they take, but they don't always strictly align with semantics. Piros is an adjective, piroslik is a verb. Óvatos is an adjective, vigyáz is a verb. Yet, they mean practically the same thing. For more examples, see Igék és melléknevek megfelelései, including some examples between different languages, like nervous in English and izgul in Hungarian.

I think the main feature of a verbal noun is not its etymological origin (as we consider "went" to be the past-tense form of "go" despite its different origin, compare w:Suppletion), but whether it refers to the act or process of the action indicated by the base verb. – We can also check the phrases listed in ÉrtSz., which ones can be rephrased with "hazug dolog mondása" (the latter being a verbal noun beyond doubt).

  • Alávaló, aljas, gyalázatos, merő, otromba, szemenszedett, szemtelen hazugság – no.
  • minden szava hazugság – no.
  • hazugságba keveredik – yes ("hazug dolog mondásába keveredik" is OK and it has or can have the same meaning).
  • hazugságban hagy vkit – no.
  • hazugságban marad – no.
  • hazugságon ér, fog, kap vkit – yes ("hazug dolog mondásán ér etc." is OK and it has or can have the same meaning).
  • hazugságra vetemedik – yes ("hazug dolog mondására vetemedik" is OK and it has or can have the same meaning).
  • vmely hazugságot rábizonyít vkire – possibly no.
  • hazugsággal nem sokra megy v. nem megy messzire – probably yes ("hazug dolog mondásával nem sokra megy" etc. is OK and it has or can have the same meaning).

So out of the 9 examples listed, 4 can be rephrased with "mondás", resulting in the same meaning (give or take a few). – When the appropriate volume of Nagyszótár is published, I hope (and I'm fairly sure) they will be more comprehensive with the definition of this term. Adam78 (talk) 20:37, 20 November 2020 (UTC)Reply

@Adam78 I updated the entry. Feel free to make changes. Panda10 (talk) 21:50, 22 November 2020 (UTC)Reply