User:Korn/draft

Which of the features of each variant are considered 'standard' varies depending on time, region and even individual views of the speaker/author. As a general rule, however, speakers of the southern variants may consciously imitate northern speech, but a northern native speaker will not train himself to use a southern form.

Sources:

• Die Aussprache der Standardsprache in der deutschen Schweiz (Hove)
• Duden - Das Aussprachewörterbuch (Mangold), section Genormte Lautung
• Standard Austrian German (Moosmüller, Schmid, Brandstätter)

Note that [ɐ] is a shorthand for an allophonic range of central vowels which assimilate in heighth to the preceding vowel.

Phoneme	Swiss variant	Northern variant	Austrian variant
/a/, /aː/	[ɑ], [ɑː]	[a~ä], [äː~ɑː]	[ɑ], [ɑː]
/ar/	[ɑr]	[aː~äː~ar/är], may merge with /aː/	[ɑː], merges with /aː/
/ɪ, ʊ, ʏ/	[e~i, o~u, ø~y]	[ɪ, ʊ, ʏ]	[ɪ~i, ʊ~u, ʏ~y]; [i, u, y] are the native local realisations
/ə/	[ə]	[ə~ɘ]	[e~ɛ], may become [o̞~ø̞] allophonically in labial/lateral environment
/e/	[e]	[ɛ], merges with /ɛ/	[e~e̞], may merge with /ɛ/ [e̞]
/ɛː/	[ɛː], distribution according to etymology	[ɛː~eː], distribution according to spelling, may merge with /eː/	[ɛː~eː], distribution according to spelling, may merge with /eː/
/aɪ, aʊ, ɔɪ/	?	[ae̯, ao̯, ɔɪ̯~ɔʏ̯]	[æe̞̯~æː, ɑo̞̯~ɒː, o̞e̞̯]
/z/	[z̥~s]	[z~s], may merge with /sː/ [s]	[s], may merge with /sː/ [s]; [s~z] intervocalic
/r/	[r]	[ɾ~r~ʀ~ʁ~ʕ̞]	[r~ɹ~ʀ~ʁ~χ]
/rC/	/rC/	/rC~ɐC/	/rC~ɐC/
/ər/	[ər]	[ɐ]	[ɛr~ɛɐ̯~ɐ]
/x/	[x~χ]	[ç~x~χ]	[ç~x~χ]
/xs/	[xs]	[ks]	[xs~ks]
/Cː/	/Cː/	/C/, ambisyllabic	/Cː~C/, ambisyllabic if short
final /l/	[lˠ~ʟ], may vocalise	[l~lˠ], velarisation tends to be avoided by non‐conservative speakers	[l~ʟ], may vocalise
intervocalic /h/	[h]	mute	mute
/p, t, k/	[p, t, k]	[pʰ, tʰ, kʰ]	[pʰ~b̥, tʰ~d̥, kʰ~g̊], may merge with /b, d, g/ intervocally, /k/ may merge with /g/ word‐initially before consonants
non‐final /b, d, g/	[b̥, d̥, g̊]	[b̥~b, d̥~d, g̊~g]	[b̥, d̥, g̊]
final /b, d, g/	[b̥, d̥, g̊]	[p~pʰ, t~tʰ, k~kʰ]	[p~pʰ, t~tʰ, k~kʰ]
qu	/kw/	/kv/	/kv/
final /ɪg/	[ɪg̊]	[ɪç]	[ɪkʰ]