aphula

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-áphúla

1. (transitive) to break, to fracture

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Related terms

• -aphuka

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-aphula^?

1. (transitive) to break, to fracture
2. (transitive) to kill suddenly

Inflection

Tone unknown
Infinitive	ukwaphula
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukwaphula	ukungaphuli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yaphula	-aphule
Plural	yaphulani	-aphuleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaphula, ngaphula	engaphulayo, engaphula	ngaphula	angaphuli	engingaphuli	ngingaphuli
2nd singular	uyaphula, waphula	owaphulayo, owaphula	waphula	awaphuli	ongaphuli	ungaphuli
1st plural	siyaphula, saphula	esaphulayo, esaphula	saphula	asaphuli	esingaphuli	singaphuli
2nd plural	niyaphula, naphula	enaphulayo, enaphula	naphula	anaphuli	eningaphuli	ningaphuli
Class 1	uyaphula, waphula	owaphulayo, owaphula	aphula	akaphuli	ongaphuli	engaphuli
Class 2	bayaphula, baphula	abaphulayo, abaphula	baphula	abaphuli	abangaphuli	bengaphuli
Class 3	uyaphula, waphula	owaphulayo, owaphula	waphula	awaphuli	ongaphuli	ungaphuli
Class 4	iyaphula, yaphula	eyaphulayo, eyaphula	yaphula	ayaphuli	engaphuli	ingaphuli
Class 5	liyaphula, laphula	elaphulayo, elaphula	laphula	alaphuli	elingaphuli	lingaphuli
Class 6	ayaphula, aphula	aphulayo, aphula	aphula	awaphuli	angaphuli	engaphuli
Class 7	siyaphula, saphula	esaphulayo, esaphula	saphula	asaphuli	esingaphuli	singaphuli
Class 8	ziyaphula, zaphula	ezaphulayo, ezaphula	zaphula	azaphuli	ezingaphuli	zingaphuli
Class 9	iyaphula, yaphula	eyaphulayo, eyaphula	yaphula	ayaphuli	engaphuli	ingaphuli
Class 10	ziyaphula, zaphula	ezaphulayo, ezaphula	zaphula	azaphuli	ezingaphuli	zingaphuli
Class 11	luyaphula, lwaphula	olwaphulayo, olwaphula	lwaphula	alwaphuli	olungaphuli	lungaphuli
Class 14	buyaphula, baphula	obaphulayo, obaphula	baphula	abaphuli	obungaphuli	bungaphuli
Class 15	kuyaphula, kwaphula	okwaphulayo, okwaphula	kwaphula	akwaphuli	okungaphuli	kungaphuli
Class 17	kuyaphula, kwaphula	okwaphulayo, okwaphula	kwaphula	akwaphuli	okungaphuli	kungaphuli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngaphulile, ngaphulē	engaphulile, engaphulē	ngaphulile, ngaphulē	angaphulanga	engingaphulanga	ngingaphulanga
2nd singular	waphulile, waphulē	owaphulile, owaphulē	waphulile, waphulē	awaphulanga	ongaphulanga	ungaphulanga
1st plural	saphulile, saphulē	esaphulile, esaphulē	saphulile, saphulē	asaphulanga	esingaphulanga	singaphulanga
2nd plural	naphulile, naphulē	enaphulile, enaphulē	naphulile, naphulē	anaphulanga	eningaphulanga	ningaphulanga
Class 1	waphulile, waphulē	owaphulile, owaphulē	aphulile, aphulē	akaphulanga	ongaphulanga	engaphulanga
Class 2	baphulile, baphulē	abaphulile, abaphulē	baphulile, baphulē	abaphulanga	abangaphulanga	bengaphulanga
Class 3	waphulile, waphulē	owaphulile, owaphulē	waphulile, waphulē	awaphulanga	ongaphulanga	ungaphulanga
Class 4	yaphulile, yaphulē	eyaphulile, eyaphulē	yaphulile, yaphulē	ayaphulanga	engaphulanga	ingaphulanga
Class 5	laphulile, laphulē	elaphulile, elaphulē	laphulile, laphulē	alaphulanga	elingaphulanga	lingaphulanga
Class 6	aphulile, aphulē	aphulile, aphulē	aphulile, aphulē	awaphulanga	angaphulanga	engaphulanga
Class 7	saphulile, saphulē	esaphulile, esaphulē	saphulile, saphulē	asaphulanga	esingaphulanga	singaphulanga
Class 8	zaphulile, zaphulē	ezaphulile, ezaphulē	zaphulile, zaphulē	azaphulanga	ezingaphulanga	zingaphulanga
Class 9	yaphulile, yaphulē	eyaphulile, eyaphulē	yaphulile, yaphulē	ayaphulanga	engaphulanga	ingaphulanga
Class 10	zaphulile, zaphulē	ezaphulile, ezaphulē	zaphulile, zaphulē	azaphulanga	ezingaphulanga	zingaphulanga
Class 11	lwaphulile, lwaphulē	olwaphulile, olwaphulē	lwaphulile, lwaphulē	alwaphulanga	olungaphulanga	lungaphulanga
Class 14	baphulile, baphulē	obaphulile, obaphulē	baphulile, baphulē	abaphulanga	obungaphulanga	bungaphulanga
Class 15	kwaphulile, kwaphulē	okwaphulile, okwaphulē	kwaphulile, kwaphulē	akwaphulanga	okungaphulanga	kungaphulanga
Class 17	kwaphulile, kwaphulē	okwaphulile, okwaphulē	kwaphulile, kwaphulē	akwaphulanga	okungaphulanga	kungaphulanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāphula	engāphula	ngāphula	angaphulanga	engingaphulanga	ngingaphulanga
2nd singular	wāphula	owāphula	wāphula	awaphulanga	ongaphulanga	ungaphulanga
1st plural	sāphula	esāphula	sāphula	asaphulanga	esingaphulanga	singaphulanga
2nd plural	nāphula	enāphula	nāphula	anaphulanga	eningaphulanga	ningaphulanga
Class 1	wāphula	owāphula	āphula	akaphulanga	ongaphulanga	engaphulanga
Class 2	bāphula	abāphula	bāphula	abaphulanga	abangaphulanga	bengaphulanga
Class 3	wāphula	owāphula	wāphula	awaphulanga	ongaphulanga	ungaphulanga
Class 4	yāphula	eyāphula	yāphula	ayaphulanga	engaphulanga	ingaphulanga
Class 5	lāphula	elāphula	lāphula	alaphulanga	elingaphulanga	lingaphulanga
Class 6	āphula	āphula	āphula	awaphulanga	angaphulanga	engaphulanga
Class 7	sāphula	esāphula	sāphula	asaphulanga	esingaphulanga	singaphulanga
Class 8	zāphula	ezāphula	zāphula	azaphulanga	ezingaphulanga	zingaphulanga
Class 9	yāphula	eyāphula	yāphula	ayaphulanga	engaphulanga	ingaphulanga
Class 10	zāphula	ezāphula	zāphula	azaphulanga	ezingaphulanga	zingaphulanga
Class 11	lwāphula	olwāphula	lwāphula	alwaphulanga	olungaphulanga	lungaphulanga
Class 14	bāphula	obāphula	bāphula	abaphulanga	obungaphulanga	bungaphulanga
Class 15	kwāphula	okwāphula	kwāphula	akwaphulanga	okungaphulanga	kungaphulanga
Class 17	kwāphula	okwāphula	kwāphula	akwaphulanga	okungaphulanga	kungaphulanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaphula	—	ngingaphula	ngingaphule	—	ngingaphule
2nd singular	ungaphula	—	ungaphula	ungaphule	—	ungaphule
1st plural	singaphula	—	singaphula	singaphule	—	singaphule
2nd plural	ningaphula	—	ningaphula	ningaphule	—	ningaphule
Class 1	angaphula	—	engaphula	angaphule	—	engaphule
Class 2	bangaphula	—	bengaphula	bangaphule	—	bengaphule
Class 3	ungaphula	—	ungaphula	ungaphule	—	ungaphule
Class 4	ingaphula	—	ingaphula	ingaphule	—	ingaphule
Class 5	lingaphula	—	lingaphula	lingaphule	—	lingaphule
Class 6	angaphula	—	engaphula	angaphule	—	engaphule
Class 7	singaphula	—	singaphula	singaphule	—	singaphule
Class 8	zingaphula	—	zingaphula	zingaphule	—	zingaphule
Class 9	ingaphula	—	ingaphula	ingaphule	—	ingaphule
Class 10	zingaphula	—	zingaphula	zingaphule	—	zingaphule
Class 11	lungaphula	—	lungaphula	lungaphule	—	lungaphule
Class 14	bungaphula	—	bungaphula	bungaphule	—	bungaphule
Class 15	kungaphula	—	kungaphula	kungaphule	—	kungaphule
Class 17	kungaphula	—	kungaphula	kungaphule	—	kungaphule
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokwaphula	engizokwaphula	ngizokwaphula	angizukwaphula	engingezukwaphula	ngingezukwaphula
2nd singular	uzokwaphula	ozokwaphula	uzokwaphula	awuzukwaphula	ongezukwaphula	ungezukwaphula
1st plural	sizokwaphula	esizokwaphula	sizokwaphula	asizukwaphula	esingezukwaphula	singezukwaphula
2nd plural	nizokwaphula	enizokwaphula	nizokwaphula	anizukwaphula	eningezukwaphula	ningezukwaphula
Class 1	uzokwaphula	ozokwaphula	ezokwaphula	akazukwaphula	ongezukwaphula	engezukwaphula
Class 2	bazokwaphula	abazokwaphula	bezokwaphula	abazukwaphula	abangezukwaphula	bengezukwaphula
Class 3	uzokwaphula	ozokwaphula	uzokwaphula	awuzukwaphula	ongezukwaphula	ungezukwaphula
Class 4	izokwaphula	ezokwaphula	izokwaphula	ayizukwaphula	engezukwaphula	ingezukwaphula
Class 5	lizokwaphula	elizokwaphula	lizokwaphula	alizukwaphula	elingezukwaphula	lingezukwaphula
Class 6	azokwaphula	azokwaphula	ezokwaphula	awazukwaphula	angezukwaphula	engezukwaphula
Class 7	sizokwaphula	esizokwaphula	sizokwaphula	asizukwaphula	esingezukwaphula	singezukwaphula
Class 8	zizokwaphula	ezizokwaphula	zizokwaphula	azizukwaphula	ezingezukwaphula	zingezukwaphula
Class 9	izokwaphula	ezokwaphula	izokwaphula	ayizukwaphula	engezukwaphula	ingezukwaphula
Class 10	zizokwaphula	ezizokwaphula	zizokwaphula	azizukwaphula	ezingezukwaphula	zingezukwaphula
Class 11	luzokwaphula	oluzokwaphula	luzokwaphula	aluzukwaphula	olungezukwaphula	lungezukwaphula
Class 14	buzokwaphula	obuzokwaphula	buzokwaphula	abuzukwaphula	obungezukwaphula	bungezukwaphula
Class 15	kuzokwaphula	okuzokwaphula	kuzokwaphula	akuzukwaphula	okungezukwaphula	kungezukwaphula
Class 17	kuzokwaphula	okuzokwaphula	kuzokwaphula	akuzukwaphula	okungezukwaphula	kungezukwaphula
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokwaphula	engiyokwaphula	ngiyokwaphula	angiyukwaphula	engingeyukwaphula	ngingeyukwaphula
2nd singular	uyokwaphula	oyokwaphula	uyokwaphula	awuyukwaphula	ongeyukwaphula	ungeyukwaphula
1st plural	siyokwaphula	esiyokwaphula	siyokwaphula	asiyukwaphula	esingeyukwaphula	singeyukwaphula
2nd plural	niyokwaphula	eniyokwaphula	niyokwaphula	aniyukwaphula	eningeyukwaphula	ningeyukwaphula
Class 1	uyokwaphula	oyokwaphula	eyokwaphula	akayukwaphula	ongeyukwaphula	engeyukwaphula
Class 2	bayokwaphula	abayokwaphula	beyokwaphula	abayukwaphula	abangeyukwaphula	bengeyukwaphula
Class 3	uyokwaphula	oyokwaphula	uyokwaphula	awuyukwaphula	ongeyukwaphula	ungeyukwaphula
Class 4	iyokwaphula	eyokwaphula	iyokwaphula	ayiyukwaphula	engeyukwaphula	ingeyukwaphula
Class 5	liyokwaphula	eliyokwaphula	liyokwaphula	aliyukwaphula	elingeyukwaphula	lingeyukwaphula
Class 6	ayokwaphula	ayokwaphula	eyokwaphula	awayukwaphula	angeyukwaphula	engeyukwaphula
Class 7	siyokwaphula	esiyokwaphula	siyokwaphula	asiyukwaphula	esingeyukwaphula	singeyukwaphula
Class 8	ziyokwaphula	eziyokwaphula	ziyokwaphula	aziyukwaphula	ezingeyukwaphula	zingeyukwaphula
Class 9	iyokwaphula	eyokwaphula	iyokwaphula	ayiyukwaphula	engeyukwaphula	ingeyukwaphula
Class 10	ziyokwaphula	eziyokwaphula	ziyokwaphula	aziyukwaphula	ezingeyukwaphula	zingeyukwaphula
Class 11	luyokwaphula	oluyokwaphula	luyokwaphula	aluyukwaphula	olungeyukwaphula	lungeyukwaphula
Class 14	buyokwaphula	obuyokwaphula	buyokwaphula	abuyukwaphula	obungeyukwaphula	bungeyukwaphula
Class 15	kuyokwaphula	okuyokwaphula	kuyokwaphula	akuyukwaphula	okungeyukwaphula	kungeyukwaphula
Class 17	kuyokwaphula	okuyokwaphula	kuyokwaphula	akuyukwaphula	okungeyukwaphula	kungeyukwaphula
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaphule	ngingaphuli
2nd singular	waphule	ungaphuli
1st plural	saphule	singaphuli
2nd plural	naphule	ningaphuli
Class 1	aphule	angaphuli
Class 2	baphule	bangaphuli
Class 3	waphule	ungaphuli
Class 4	yaphule	ingaphuli
Class 5	laphule	lingaphuli
Class 6	aphule	angaphuli
Class 7	saphule	singaphuli
Class 8	zaphule	zingaphuli
Class 9	yaphule	ingaphuli
Class 10	zaphule	zingaphuli
Class 11	lwaphule	lungaphuli
Class 14	baphule	bungaphuli
Class 15	kwaphule	kungaphuli
Class 17	kwaphule	kungaphuli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaphula	ngangaphula, angaphula, angangaphula
2nd singular	waphula	wangaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
1st plural	saphula	sangaphula, asaphula, asangaphula
2nd plural	naphula	nangaphula, anaphula, anangaphula
Class 1	waphula	wangaphula, akaphula, akangaphula
Class 2	baphula	bangaphula, abaphula, abangaphula
Class 3	waphula	wangaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
Class 4	yaphula	yangaphula, ayaphula, ayangaphula
Class 5	laphula	langaphula, alaphula, alangaphula
Class 6	aphula	angaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
Class 7	saphula	sangaphula, asaphula, asangaphula
Class 8	zaphula	zangaphula, azaphula, azangaphula
Class 9	yaphula	yangaphula, ayaphula, ayangaphula
Class 10	zaphula	zangaphula, azaphula, azangaphula
Class 11	lwaphula	lwangaphula, alwaphula, alwangaphula
Class 14	baphula	bangaphula, abaphula, abangaphula
Class 15	kwaphula	kwangaphula, akwaphula, akwangaphula
Class 17	kwaphula	kwangaphula, akwaphula, akwangaphula

Derived terms

• -aphulela (applicative)
• -aphulisa (causative)
• -aphulaphula (diminutive)
• -aphulisisa (intensive)
• -aphulwa (passive)
• -aphulana (reciprocal)

Related terms

• -aphuka