banyaga

See also: banyaga'

Cebuano

Etymology

From Malay berniaga (“trade”), ultimately from Sanskrit वाणिज्यक (vāṇijyaka, “merchant”), derived from वाणिज (vāṇija, “merchant, trader”), with semantic change to “rascal”. Compare Ilocano baniaga (“trade”), Tagalog banyaga (“foreigner”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ban‧ya‧ga
• IPA^(key): /banˈjaɡaʔ/, [bʌn̪ˈja.ɡʌʔ]

Adjective

banyagà

1. evil; wicked; mean

Noun

banyagà

1. rascal; scoundrel

Kapampangan

Alternative forms

• bangyaga

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay berniaga (“trade”), ultimately from Sanskrit वाणिज्यक (vāṇijyaka, “merchant”), derived from वाणिज (vāṇija, “merchant, trader”). Compare Tagalog banyaga (“foreigner”), Ilocano baniaga. Second sense is a semantic loan from Tagalog banyaga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bənˈjaɡə/, [bənˈjäː.ɡə]
• Hyphenation: ban‧ya‧ga

Noun

banyága

1. trade
2. foreigner

Derived terms

• magbanyaga

Mansaka

Etymology

From Sanskrit वाणिज्यक (vāṇijyaka), derived from वाणिज (vāṇija, “merchant, trader”), possibly via Cebuano banyaga (“wicked”).

Adjective

banyaga

1. rude; ill-mannered; uncouth; ungentlemanly

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• baniaga — obsolete

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay berniaga (“trade”), ultimately from Sanskrit वाणिज्यक (vāṇijyaka, “merchant”), derived from वाणिज (vāṇija, “merchant, trader”), with semantic change to “foreigner”. Compare Cebuano banyaga (“rascal”), Ilocano baniaga (“trade”), and Tausug banyaga' (“slave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /banˈjaɡaʔ/, [bɐˈɲa.ɣɐʔ]
• Hyphenation: ban‧ya‧ga

Adjective

banyagà (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔ᜌᜄ)

1. foreign; alien

Noun

banyagà (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔ᜌᜄ)

1. foreigner; alien

   Synonym: dayuhan

Further reading

• Wolff, John U. (1976) “Malay borrowings in Tagalog”, in C.D. Cowan & O.W. Wolters, editors, Southeast Asian History and Historiography: Essays Presented to D. G. E. Hall‎^[1], Ithaca: Cornell University Press, page 351
• Chang, T'ien-Tse (1962) “Malacca and the Failure of the first Portuguese Embassy to Peking”, in Journal of Southeast Asian History‎^[2], volume 3, number 2, The National University of Singapore, page 47