boleh
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Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Malay boleh, which is derived from an earlier form bulih. The derivation can be reconstructed from Proto-Malayic *mAɣ-ulih via these stages: *mAɣ-ulih > *mar-ulih > *bar-ulih > *bər-ulih > *brulih* > bulih > boleh, from which the verb was derived.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
boleh
- may (to have permission to; to be permitted; to be enabled to)
- (rare) can (to know how to; to be able to)
- Synonym: bisa
- (dated) to get
Derived terms[edit]
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- membolehkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- bolehan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- memerbolehkan [causative passive + agent focus + causative benefactive] (peR- + meN- + -kan)
- kebolehan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
Further reading[edit]
- “boleh” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From earlier bulih. The derivation can be reconstructed from Proto-Malayic *mAɣ-ulih via these stages: *mAɣ-ulih > *mar-ulih > *bar-ulih > *bər-ulih > *brulih* > bulih > boleh, from which the verb was derived. Doublet of beroleh, see also oleh.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
boleh (Jawi spelling بوليه)
- (Sumatra, Riau, Malay Peninsular) can (to be able to)
- Synonyms: reti, mampu, berkeupayaan, dapat
- Saya boleh menyanyi.
- I can sing.
- may (to have permission to)
- Bolehkah saya pergi ke tandas?
- May I go to the toilet?
Derived terms[edit]
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- membolehkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- kebolehan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
- seboleh-bolehnya (“as far as possible”)
- boleh jadi (“maybe”)
- boleh terima (“acceptance; admissibility”)
- boleh ubah (“variable”)
- Malaysia Boleh (“Malaysia can do it”)
Descendants[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “بوله bolih”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 66
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “بوله buleh”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 133
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “boleh”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 149
Further reading[edit]
- “boleh” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Categories:
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian verbs
- Indonesian terms with rare senses
- Indonesian dated terms
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Malay doublets
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/oleh
- Rhymes:Malay/leh
- Rhymes:Malay/eh
- Malay lemmas
- Malay verbs
- Malay verbs without transitivity
- Riau Malay
- Malay terms with usage examples