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Egyptian [ edit ]
Pronunciation [ edit ]
3-lit.
( transitive or intransitive ) to offer
c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE ,
Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 8:
drp n.f nbw nb sḫꜣw m pt m tꜣthe one to whom all make offerings , the possessor of remembrance in the sky and on the earth
Inflection [ edit ]
Conjugation of drp (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: drp , geminated stem: drpp
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
drp
drpw , drp
drpt
drp
drp
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
drp
ḥr drp
m drp
r drp
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
drp.n
drpw , drp
consecutive
drp.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
drpt
perfective 3
drp
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
drp.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
drp
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
drp
drpp
potentialis1
drp.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
drp
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
drp.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
drp
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
drp
drp , drpw 5 , drpy 5
imperfective
drp , drpy , drpw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
drp , drpj 6 , drpy 6
drp , drpw 5
prospective
drp , drptj 7
—
drptj 4 , drpt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
References [ edit ]
James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN , page 255 .