gronen

Middle English

Alternative forms

• grane, gron, grone, groni, gronyn, groone
• granien, granin (Early Middle English)

Etymology

Inherited from Old English grānian, from Proto-West Germanic *grainōn, from Proto-Germanic *grainōną, a derivative of *grīnaną (which didn't leave any descendants in Middle English).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡrɔːnən/
• (early) IPA^(key): /ˈɡrɑːnən/
• (Northern) IPA^(key): /ˈɡraːn/

Verb

gronen

1. To groan; to make a groaning or moaning sound:
   1. To groan or cry due to birth pangs.
   2. To groan as an animal; to make beastly calls.
2. To mumble, especially to protest (compare modern English moan in semantics).
3. To develop or have an illness or disease.
4. (rare) To pass away; to suffer from death.

Conjugation

Conjugation of gronen (weak in -ed)

infinitive	(to) gronen, grone
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	grone	groned
2nd-person singular	gronest	gronedest
3rd-person singular	groneth	groned
subjunctive singular	grone
imperative singular		—
plural1	gronen, grone	groneden, gronede
imperative plural	groneth, grone	—
participles	gronynge, gronende	groned, ygroned

¹Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Related terms

• gron
• gronynge

Descendants

• English: groan
• Scots: grane, grain

References

• “grōnen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-25.