hirtus
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Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *herztos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰérstos, from *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”), same root as horreo and hordeum.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈhiːr.tus/, [ˈhiːrt̪ʊs̠] or IPA(key): /ˈhir.tus/, [ˈhɪrt̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈir.tus/, [ˈirt̪us]
- Bennett gives a long vowel /iː/ based on the vowel quality of the Romance descendants,[1] but De Vaan omits a macron and gives an etymology that is inconsistent with a long vowel.[2]
Adjective[edit]
hī̆rtus (feminine hī̆rta, neuter hī̆rtum); first/second-declension adjective
Declension[edit]
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | hī̆rtus | hī̆rta | hī̆rtum | hī̆rtī | hī̆rtae | hī̆rta | |
| Genitive | hī̆rtī | hī̆rtae | hī̆rtī | hī̆rtōrum | hī̆rtārum | hī̆rtōrum | |
| Dative | hī̆rtō | hī̆rtō | hī̆rtīs | ||||
| Accusative | hī̆rtum | hī̆rtam | hī̆rtum | hī̆rtōs | hī̆rtās | hī̆rta | |
| Ablative | hī̆rtō | hī̆rtā | hī̆rtō | hī̆rtīs | |||
| Vocative | hī̆rte | hī̆rta | hī̆rtum | hī̆rtī | hī̆rtae | hī̆rta | |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Charles E. Bennett (1907) “Hidden Quantity”, in The Latin Language – a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 59
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “hirtus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 286
Further reading[edit]
- “hirtus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “hirtus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- hirtus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- hirtus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.