kə̆.nɛ̠̃³⁵
Pela[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From kə̆- (“a prefix with unknown meaning”) + -nɛ̠̃³⁵. The second morpheme also appears in a few terms related with time, as in a³¹ nɛ̠̃³⁵ (“ancient times”). Possible cognates include Burmese ဘယ်နံ့ခါ (bhainam.hka) ~ ဘယ်ခါနံ (bhaihkanam) ~ ဘယ်နံအခါ (bhainama.hka, “(obsolete) when, what time”),[1] Mangshi Achang xai³¹ nam⁵¹ kʰau³⁵ (“ancient times”) and Nuosu ꀋꑑ (ap nyiep, “past, these days”). Compare Lhao Vo ganhae꞉ (“ancient times”).
Pronunciation[edit]
IPA(key): /kə̆.nɛ̠̃³⁵ ~ kə̆.nɛ̃³⁵/
Adverb[edit]
kə̆.nɛ̠̃³⁵
Usage notes[edit]
There are 3 terms mainly used for “ago, before ”: kə̆.nɛ̠̃³⁵, xəi⁵⁵ pʰjɔ̃³¹ and a³¹ tɔ̠̃⁵⁵. kə̆.nɛ̠̃³⁵ usually refers to further past or ancient times, while xəi⁵⁵ pʰjɔ̃³¹ is used for more recent past, similar to recently in English. a³¹ tɔ̠̃⁵⁵ is used in both situations.
Derived terms[edit]
- kə̆.nɛ̠̃³⁵ kə̆.tʃʰaʔ⁵⁵ (“ancient times”)
See also[edit]
- xəi⁵⁵ pʰjɔ̃³¹ (“recently, before”)
- a³¹ tɔ̠̃⁵⁵ (“long ago; before”)
References[edit]
- Burmese-Chinese Dictionary (缅汉词典) (1990; Commercial Press, Beijing)
- Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies(芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会)(ed.), Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary (汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典) (2018; Dehong Nationalities Publishing House, Mangshi)
- ^ Burmese-Chinese Dictionary, p. 639