karjala
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See also: Karjala
Finnish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
See Karjala.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
karjala
- The Karelian language; a Finno-Ugric language spoken by about 100,000 people in Karelia. It is closely related to Finnish.
Usage notes[edit]
In Karelian, as well as in Finnish, the names of languages are written with a lower case initial.
Declension[edit]
Inflection of karjala (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | karjala | karjalat | ||
genitive | karjalan | karjaloiden karjaloitten | ||
partitive | karjalaa | karjaloita | ||
illative | karjalaan | karjaloihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | karjala | karjalat | ||
accusative | nom. | karjala | karjalat | |
gen. | karjalan | |||
genitive | karjalan | karjaloiden karjaloitten karjalainrare | ||
partitive | karjalaa | karjaloita | ||
inessive | karjalassa | karjaloissa | ||
elative | karjalasta | karjaloista | ||
illative | karjalaan | karjaloihin | ||
adessive | karjalalla | karjaloilla | ||
ablative | karjalalta | karjaloilta | ||
allative | karjalalle | karjaloille | ||
essive | karjalana | karjaloina | ||
translative | karjalaksi | karjaloiksi | ||
abessive | karjalatta | karjaloitta | ||
instructive | — | karjaloin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Synonyms[edit]
- karjalan kieli
Derived terms[edit]
compounds
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “karjala”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic [Term?]. Cognates include Finnish karjala and Karelian karjala/kariela.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑrjɑlɑ/, [ˈkɑrjəɫ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑrjɑlɑ/, [ˈkɑrjɑɫɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑrjɑl, -ɑrjɑlɑ
- Hyphenation: kar‧ja‧la
Noun[edit]
karjala
- (in the plural) Karelians
- (in the singular) Karelian language
- (in the plural, dated, rare) Ingrians
- (in the singular, dated, rare) Ingrian language
Declension[edit]
Declension of karjala (type 3/kana, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | karjala | karjalat |
genitive | karjalan | karjaloin |
partitive | karjalaa | karjaloja |
illative | karjalaa | karjaloihe |
inessive | karjalaas | karjalois |
elative | karjalast | karjaloist |
allative | karjalalle | karjaloille |
adessive | karjalaal | karjaloil |
ablative | karjalalt | karjaloilt |
translative | karjalaks | karjaloiks |
essive | karjalanna, karjalaan | karjaloinna, karjaloin |
exessive1) | karjalant | karjaloint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Synonyms[edit]
- (Ingrian): ižora
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 137
Karelian[edit]
North Karelian (Viena) |
karjala |
---|---|
South Karelian (Tver) |
kariela |
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic [Term?]. Cognates include Finnish karjala and Ingrian karjala.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
karjala (genitive karjalan, partitive karjalua)
- (North Karelian) Karelian language
Declension[edit]
Viena Karelian declension of karjala (type 4/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | karjala | karjalat | |
genitive | karjalan | karjalojen | |
partitive | karjalua | karjaloja | |
illative | karjalah | karjaloih | |
inessive | karjalašša | karjaloissa | |
elative | karjalašta | karjaloista | |
adessive | karjalalla | karjaloilla | |
ablative | karjalalta | karjaloilta | |
translative | karjalakši | karjaloiksi | |
essive | karjalana | karjaloina | |
comitative | — | karjaloineh | |
abessive | karjalatta | karjaloitta |
Possessive forms of karjala | ||
---|---|---|
1st person | karjalani | |
2nd person | karjalaš | |
3rd person | karjalah | |
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses. |
References[edit]
- P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) “карельский”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN
Categories:
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrjɑlɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrjɑlɑ/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish kulkija-type nominals
- fi:Languages
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrjɑl
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrjɑl/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrjɑlɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrjɑlɑ/3 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Ingrian dated terms
- Ingrian terms with rare senses
- izh:Ethnonyms
- Karelian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Karelian lemmas
- Karelian nouns
- North Karelian
- krl:Languages