lahar

See also: Lahar

English

WOTD – 24 July 2009

Lahar from the 1982 eruption of Mount St. Helens

Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦲꦂ (lahar). Introduced as geological term by Berend George Escher in 1922.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɑhɑɹ/

  • Audio (Southern England)

    (file)

Noun

lahar (plural lahars)

1. (geology) A volcanic mudflow.
   • 1985, Jocelyn Thornton, Field Guide to New Zealand Geology, page 204:

     Such a highly destructive mud-flow (termed a lahar) eventually stops as a pile of debris of all shapes and sizes, as mixed up as a glacial moraine; the two deposits have often been confused.

   • 2000, Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff, Alexander R. McBirney, Volcanology, page 138:

     Pyroclastic flows are often difficult to distinguish in outcrops from a similar type of fragmental debris flow known as lahars. Both are characteristically unstratified and unsorted. A deposit containing blocks of varied compositions with rounded shapes is more likely to have been formed by a lahar than by a glowing avalanche.

   • 2006, Andrew J. L. Harris et al., “Downstream aggradation owing to lava dome extrusion and rainfall runoff at Volcán Santiaguito, Guatemala”, in William Ingersoll Rose, editor, Volcanic Hazards in Central America, page 86:

     A regime of persistent lahar activity results when eruptive activity continually supplies unconsolidated volcanic material for remobilization.

Translations

volcanic mudflow

• Bishnupriya Manipuri: লহর
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 火山泥流 (huǒshān níliú)

• Danish: lahar
• Dutch: lahar m
• Finnish: lahari, vulkaaninen mutavyöry
• French: lahar (fr) m
• German: Lahar (de) m
• Indonesian: lahar (id)
• Italian: lahar m
• Japanese: ラハール (rahāru)
• Javanese: ꦭꦲꦂ (lahar)
• Malay: lahar (ms)
• Polish: lahar (pl) m
• Portuguese: lahar m
• Russian: лаха́р (ru) m (laxár)
• Slovak: lahár m
• Spanish: lahar m

See also

• pyroclast

Further reading

• lahar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Rahal

Basque

Alternative forms

• lapar (Biscayan, Navarro-Lapurdian)
• sapar (Navarro-Lapurdian, Souletin)

Etymology

Unknown. It is likely that lapar is a cross between lahar and kapar, with the same meaning.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Southern) /lar/, [lar]
• IPA^(key): (Northern) /lahar/, [la.ɦar]

Noun

lahar inan

1. bramble, blackberry bush

   Synonyms: sasi, (Northern) kapar

Declension

Declension of lahar (inanimate, ending in -r)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	lahar	laharra	laharrak
ergative	laharrek	laharrak	laharrek
dative	laharri	laharrari	laharrei
genitive	laharren	laharraren	laharren
comitative	laharrekin	laharrarekin	laharrekin
causative	laharrengatik	laharrarengatik	laharrengatik
benefactive	laharrentzat	laharrarentzat	laharrentzat
instrumental	laharrez	laharraz	laharrez
inessive	laharretan	laharrean	laharretan
locative	laharretako	laharreko	laharretako
allative	laharretara	laharrera	laharretara
terminative	laharretaraino	laharreraino	laharretaraino
directive	laharretarantz	laharrerantz	laharretarantz
destinative	laharretarako	laharrerako	laharretarako
ablative	laharretatik	laharretik	laharretatik
partitive	laharrik	—	—
prolative	lahartzat	—	—

Further reading

• "lahar" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
• “lahar” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from English lahar, from Javanese ꦭꦲꦂ (lahar).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: la‧har
• IPA^(key): /laˈhaɾ/, [l̪ʌˈhaɾ̪]

Noun

lahár

1. (geology) lahar (volcanic mudflow)

Indonesian

Etymology

From Javanese ꦭꦲꦂ (lahar).

Noun

lahar (first-person possessive laharku, second-person possessive laharmu, third-person possessive laharnya)

1. lava

Derived terms

• berlahar

Further reading

• “lahar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Javanese ꦭꦲꦂ (lahar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lahar/
• Rhymes: -har, -ar
• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): [lähäː]

Noun

lahar (Jawi spelling لاهر, plural lahar-lahar, informal 1st possessive laharku, 2nd possessive laharmu, 3rd possessive laharnya)

1. lava

   Synonym: lava

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• berlahar [stative / habitual] (beR-)

Further reading

• “lahar” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Portuguese

Noun

lahar m (plural lahars or lahares)

1. (geology) lahar (volcanic mudflow)

Spanish

Noun

lahar m (plural lahares)

1. lahar

Sumerian

Romanization

lahar

1. Romanization of 𒇇 (laḫar)

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English lahar, from Javanese ꦭꦲꦂ (lahar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laˈhaɾ/, [lɐˈhaɾ]
• Hyphenation: la‧har

Noun

lahár (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜑᜇ᜔)

1. (geology) lahar (volcanic mudflow)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlahaɾ/, [ˈla.hɐɾ] (noun)

• IPA^(key): /laˈhaɾ/, [lɐˈhaɾ] (adjective)
• Hyphenation: la‧har

Noun

lahar (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜑᜇ᜔) (Rizal, informal)

1. Alternative form of lahad

Adjective

lahár (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜑᜇ᜔) (Rizal, informal)

1. Alternative form of lahad

Further reading

• “lahar”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018