qsn

See also: QSN

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /kɛsɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: qesen

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) physically painful
2. (intransitive) to be(come) physically pained
3. (intransitive) to be(come) mentally distressed or aggrieved
4. (intransitive, of work or acts) to be(come) difficult or hard to do
5. (intransitive, of times) to be(come) hard or troubled

Inflection

Conjugation of qsn (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: qsn, geminated stem: qsnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
qsn	qsnw, qsn	qsnt	qsn	qsn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
qsn	ḥr qsn	m qsn	r qsn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	qsn.n	consecutive	qsn.jn
terminative	qsnt
perfective3	qsn	obligative1	qsn.ḫr
imperfective	qsn
prospective3	qsn	potentialis1	qsn.kꜣ
subjunctive	qsn

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	qsn.n	—	—
perfective	qsn	qsn	qsn, qsnw5, qsny5
imperfective	qsn, qsny, qsnw5	qsn, qsnj6, qsny6	qsn, qsnw5
prospective	qsn, qsntj7	qsntj4, qsnt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of qsn  

qsn	qsn

Noun

 m

1. ordeal, pain

Inflection

Declension of qsn (masculine)

singular	qsn
dual	qsnwj
plural	qsnw

Alternative forms

See under the verb above.

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 69.7–70.16
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 281
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 84, 122, 376.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 164