runsas

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. Relationship to Old High German runsa (“running water, stream”) has been proposed, but this is semantically distant, especially considering the Karelian and Ludic cognates runsas, ruznaz, meaning "sizable". Given that rusnas is found in Karelian too, *rusnas is probably original, and a similar metathesis as with känsä took place in Finnish.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrunsɑs/, [ˈruns̠ɑ̝s̠]
• Rhymes: -unsɑs
• Syllabification^(key): run‧sas

Adjective

runsas (comparative runsaampi, superlative runsain)

1. abundant, plentiful
2. sizable, hefty, significant
3. (with a number, sometimes in the plural) just over

   Synonyms: reilu, vähän yli, hieman yli

   Antonym: vajaa

4. (mathematics, of a number) abundant (less than the sum of all of its divisors except itself)

Usage notes

• (abundant): It is more common to say olla runsaasti than olla runsas.

  Työpaikkoja on runsaasti. ― There are plenty of open (job) positions.

  Viljatuotteissa on runsaasti hiilihydraatteja. ― Ceral products are abundant in carbohydrates.

Declension

Inflection of runsas (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation)
nominative		runsas	runsaat
genitive		runsaan	runsaiden runsaitten
partitive		runsasta	runsaita
illative		runsaaseen	runsaisiin
		singular	plural
nominative		runsas	runsaat
accusative	nom.	runsas	runsaat
	gen.	runsaan
genitive		runsaan	runsaiden runsaitten runsastenrare
partitive		runsasta	runsaita
inessive		runsaassa	runsaissa
elative		runsaasta	runsaista
illative		runsaaseen	runsaisiin runsaihinrare
adessive		runsaalla	runsailla
ablative		runsaalta	runsailta
allative		runsaalle	runsaille
essive		runsaana	runsaina
translative		runsaaksi	runsaiksi
abessive		runsaatta	runsaitta
instructive		—	runsain
comitative		—	runsaine

Possessive forms of runsas (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative runsaani runsaani accusative nom. runsaani runsaani gen. runsaani genitive runsaani runsaideni runsaitteni runsastenirare partitive runsastani runsaitani inessive runsaassani runsaissani elative runsaastani runsaistani illative runsaaseeni runsaisiini runsaihinirare adessive runsaallani runsaillani ablative runsaaltani runsailtani allative runsaalleni runsailleni essive runsaanani runsainani translative runsaakseni runsaikseni abessive runsaattani runsaittani instructive — — comitative — runsaineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative runsaasi runsaasi accusative nom. runsaasi runsaasi gen. runsaasi genitive runsaasi runsaidesi runsaittesi runsastesirare partitive runsastasi runsaitasi inessive runsaassasi runsaissasi elative runsaastasi runsaistasi illative runsaaseesi runsaisiisi runsaihisirare adessive runsaallasi runsaillasi ablative runsaaltasi runsailtasi allative runsaallesi runsaillesi essive runsaanasi runsainasi translative runsaaksesi runsaiksesi abessive runsaattasi runsaittasi instructive — — comitative — runsainesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative runsaamme runsaamme accusative nom. runsaamme runsaamme gen. runsaamme genitive runsaamme runsaidemme runsaittemme runsastemmerare partitive runsastamme runsaitamme inessive runsaassamme runsaissamme elative runsaastamme runsaistamme illative runsaaseemme runsaisiimme runsaihimmerare adessive runsaallamme runsaillamme ablative runsaaltamme runsailtamme allative runsaallemme runsaillemme essive runsaanamme runsainamme translative runsaaksemme runsaiksemme abessive runsaattamme runsaittamme instructive — — comitative — runsainemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative runsaanne runsaanne accusative nom. runsaanne runsaanne gen. runsaanne genitive runsaanne runsaidenne runsaittenne runsastennerare partitive runsastanne runsaitanne inessive runsaassanne runsaissanne elative runsaastanne runsaistanne illative runsaaseenne runsaisiinne runsaihinnerare adessive runsaallanne runsaillanne ablative runsaaltanne runsailtanne allative runsaallenne runsaillenne essive runsaananne runsainanne translative runsaaksenne runsaiksenne abessive runsaattanne runsaittanne instructive — — comitative — runsainenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative runsaansa runsaansa accusative nom. runsaansa runsaansa gen. runsaansa genitive runsaansa runsaidensa runsaittensa runsastensarare partitive runsastaan runsastansa runsaitaan runsaitansa inessive runsaassaan runsaassansa runsaissaan runsaissansa elative runsaastaan runsaastansa runsaistaan runsaistansa illative runsaaseensa runsaisiinsa runsaihinsarare adessive runsaallaan runsaallansa runsaillaan runsaillansa ablative runsaaltaan runsaaltansa runsailtaan runsailtansa allative runsaalleen runsaallensa runsailleen runsaillensa essive runsaanaan runsaanansa runsainaan runsainansa translative runsaakseen runsaaksensa runsaikseen runsaiksensa abessive runsaattaan runsaattansa runsaittaan runsaittansa instructive — — comitative — runsaineen runsainensa

Derived terms

• runsaasti
• runsaiten
• runsastua
• runsaus

 

compounds

• runsasaktiivinen
• runsasenergiainen
• runsasenerginen
• runsashappinen
• runsashiilinen
• runsasjärvinen
• runsaskalainen
• runsaskalorinen
• runsaskoristeinen
• runsaskuituinen
• runsaskätinen
• runsaslajinen
• runsaslukuinen
• runsasluminen
• runsasmetsäinen
• runsasmuotoinen
• runsasravinteinen
• runsasravintoinen
• runsassanainen
• runsassateinen
• runsassatoinen
• runsassiemeninen
• runsassisältöinen
• runsastuloinen
• runsastuottoinen
• runsastöinen
• runsasvetinen
• runsasväkinen

 

Further reading

• “runsas”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03