Egyptian [ edit ] Etymology [ edit ] s- ( causative prefix ) + jꜥr ( “ to ascend ” ) .
Pronunciation [ edit ] caus. 3-lit.
Old Egyptian form of sꜥr ( “ to make ascend ” ) Inflection [ edit ]
Conjugation of sjꜥr (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: sjꜥr
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
sjꜥr sjꜥrw , sjꜥr sjꜥrt sjꜥr sjꜥr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
sjꜥr ḥr sjꜥr m sjꜥr r sjꜥr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
sjꜥr.n sjꜥrw , sjꜥr consecutive
sjꜥr.jn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
sjꜥrt
perfective 3
sjꜥr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 obligative1
sjꜥr.ḫr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
sjꜥr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
sjꜥrw , sjꜥr , sjꜥry sjꜥrw , sjꜥr , sjꜥry potentialis1
sjꜥr.kꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
sjꜥr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
sjꜥr.n active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 —
—
perfective
sjꜥr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 sjꜥr sjꜥr , sjꜥrw 5 , sjꜥry 5
imperfective
sjꜥr , sjꜥry , sjꜥrw 5 active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 sjꜥr , sjꜥrj 6 , sjꜥry 6 sjꜥr , sjꜥrw 5
prospective
sjꜥr , sjꜥrtj 7 —
sjꜥrwtj 1 4 , sjꜥrtj 4 , sjꜥrt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f .fj .s .sj .sn .snj .sn
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
References [ edit ] 
