sjdj

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ jdj (“to be subjugated”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛidi/
  • Conventional anglicization: seidi

Verb

 caus. 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to quell, to render powerless

Inflection

Conjugation of sjdj (causative third weak / caus. 3ae inf. / caus. III. inf.) — base stem: sjd, geminated stem: sjdd

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sjdt, sjdj	sjdw, sjd	sjdt, sjdwt, sjdyt	sjd	sjd, sjdy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sjd	ḥr sjdt, ḥr sjdj	m sjdt, m sjdj	r sjdt, r sjdj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sjd.n	sjdw, sjd, sjdy	consecutive	sjd.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	sjdt
perfective3	sjd	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sjd.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sjd, sjdy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sjdw, sjd, sjdy	sjdw, sjd, sjdy	potentialis1	sjd.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sjd, sjdy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sjd.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sjdw1, sjdy, sjd	active + .tj1, .tw2	sjd	sjdy, sjd
imperfective	sjdd, sjddy, sjddw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	sjdd, sjddj6, sjddy6	sjdd, sjddw5
prospective	sjdw1, sjdy, sjd, sjdtj7	—	sjdwtj1 4, sjdtj4, sjdt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 330.